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'Born a Crime' by Trevor Noah: Apartheid Facts

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Trevor's Childhood Perception of Apartheid

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Trevor describes how he perceived apartheid in his youth, noting the normalcy of segregation and the gradual understanding of its injustices.

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Homelands or Bantustans

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Apartheid policy included creating 'homelands' for black people, which were intended to be self-governing but were underresourced and isolated.

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Coloured Classification

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People of mixed race were labeled as 'Coloured' by the apartheid system, a category that Trevor and his family would fall under, living in a grey area between black and white spaces.

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Significance of the Title 'Born a Crime'

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The title reflects Trevor Noah's experience of being born as a mixed-race child during apartheid, which was illegal at the time.

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Trevor's Mother's Influence

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Trevor's mother taught him to navigate a society structured by apartheid, instilling in him the values of freedom and equality despite the pervasive racism.

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Resistance to Apartheid

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Resistance movements, such as the African National Congress (ANC), fought against the apartheid system, culminating in its eventual dismantlement.

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Apartheid's Impact on Identity

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Apartheid's rigid racial classifications forced people to internalize racial identities that shaped personal and political relationships, as exemplified in Trevor's memoir.

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Trevor Noah's Relationship with His Father

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Trevor's relationship with his white father was impacted by apartheid, as their interaction in public could lead to legal repercussions.

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Definition of Apartheid

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Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation that existed in South Africa from 1948 until the early 1990s.

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Group Areas Act

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The Group Areas Act was a cornerstone of apartheid, which designated specific areas where each race could live.

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Trevor Noah's Mixed Heritage

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Trevor's experience as a person of mixed heritage under apartheid highlights the absurdity and cruelty of the system, as he didn't fully belong to either the black or white community.

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End of Apartheid

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The end of apartheid was marked by the election of Nelson Mandela as President in 1994, signaling a new era of democracy and racial equality in South Africa.

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Education under Apartheid

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Apartheid included the Bantu Education Act, which provided a separate and unequal education system designed to prepare black individuals for lives as second-class citizens.

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Comparison with American Segregation

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Trevor often compares apartheid to American segregation, noting the similarities and differences between racial policies in South Africa and the United States.

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Petty Apartheid

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Petty apartheid refers to the everyday segregation in public places and social events, distinguishing it from the 'grand apartheid' of territorial separation and political disenfranchisement.

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The Soweto Uprising

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Trevor references the Soweto Uprising of 1976, a major protest against the apartheid education policies, highlighting the role of youth in resistance.

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Pass Laws

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Pass laws were a form of internal passport system designed to segregate the population and severely limit the movements of the black African populace.

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Economic Disparities

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Apartheid created vast economic disparities between the races, with black South Africans facing systemic poverty and limited opportunities.

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Trevor Noah's Use of Language

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Trevor exploited the multilingualistic society in apartheid South Africa to cross boundaries, using language as a tool to navigate different racial groups.

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International Opposition to Apartheid

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International sanctions and boycotts helped to put pressure on South Africa to end apartheid, which is often cited in discussions about global efforts to end injustices.

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Role of the Church

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The memoir mentions the church as a place for mixed race and black communities during apartheid, serving both spiritual needs and as a hub for social and political organizing.

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Immorality Act

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The Immorality Act was an apartheid law criminalizing sexual relations between white people and people of other races, which directly affected Trevor Noah's existence.

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Trevor Noah's Survival Techniques

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Trevor shares various survival strategies he used to cope with apartheid, including humor and blending into different cultural groups.

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Apartheid's Influence on Trevor's Comedy

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Trevor's experiences with apartheid heavily influenced his comedy, as he often uses humor to deal with the traumas of his past and discuss social issues.

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Forced Removals

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Forced removals were common under apartheid, relocating non-white South Africans from designated 'white areas' to segregated townships or homelands.

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Police Brutality

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Trevor Noah recounts instances of police brutality in South Africa, reflecting the enforcement of apartheid laws and the violence used to maintain the system.

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Apartheid's Health Care Disparities

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Apartheid also affected healthcare, with Trevor discussing how non-white South Africans received inferior health services compared to white South Africans.

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Legacy of Apartheid in Post-Apartheid Society

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Although apartheid officially ended, the memoir discusses the lingering effects on South African society, including ongoing racial tensions and inequality.

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Trevor's Experiences with Crime

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Trevor's memoir details his own and others' involvement in crime, linked to the economic and social constraints imposed by apartheid.

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Racial Categorization and its Absurdity

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Throughout the memoir, Trevor Noah points out the absurdity of the precise racial categorization in apartheid, highlighting the arbitrary nature of racial identities.

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