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A style that aims to observe events as unobtrusively as possible, often associated with the work of the Maysles Brothers.

A style that combines naturalistic techniques with stylized cinematic devices of editing and camera work, associated with Jean Rouch.

This mode draws attention to the documentary-making process and challenges the notion of objectivity in documentaries; exemplified by the works of filmmakers like Dziga Vertov.

Explores how documentaries perpetuate or challenge gender roles, with significant contributions by filmmakers like Laura Mulvey.

Focuses on the emotional and subjective experience, often connected with personal stories or social issues; Marlon Riggs is a significant contributor.

Uses concepts from psychoanalysis to explore the psychological underpinnings of documentary narratives and viewer engagement, with proponents like Slavoj Žižek.

Interrogates normative representations of sexuality and gender in media, often championed in documentaries by figures such as Jennie Livingston ('Paris is Burning').

This mode presents a specific argument or point of view, often using a voice-of-god narration; associated with traditional documentaries.

Examines the power dynamics and cultural perspectives of colonizer and colonized, with filmmakers like Trinh T. Minh-ha exploring these themes in their documentaries.