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A basic pattern from which other more detailed patterns are developed.

The diagonal direction on a fabric at a 45-degree angle to the warp and weft, where fabric has more stretch and drape.

The self-finished edge of fabric that runs along the top and bottom ends of the fabric to prevent unraveling or fraying.

A piece of fabric that reinforces an opening and allows for the attachment of fasteners like buttons or snaps.

A technique used to draw fabric together to reduce its width and provide fullness to the garment.

The opening in the garment where the sleeve is attached.

The process of increasing or decreasing the size of a pattern by a systematic method, to create different sizes.

A basic pattern for a sleeve which can be adapted into various sleeve styles.

Refers to the orientation of yarns in woven fabric that run parallel to the selvage and is the least stretchy direction in woven fabric.

A vertical panel in a skirt or dress that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom to give shape and flare.

A row of stitching used to keep the facing or the underside of a garment from rolling to the outside.

A layer of raised fibers on the surface of a fabric that has a direction to it (like velvet), affecting the way the fabric must be cut and sewn.

A method of sewing where the stitch goes backward on the first few and last few stitches to secure the thread in place.

Indicates the direction of the grain of the fabric that the pattern piece should be aligned with.

The area between the edge of the fabric and the stitching line on two (or more) pieces of material being stitched together.

Plain woven cotton fabric used to create a test garment before making the final garment to check fit.

A long rounded seam sewn into women's blouses or shirts to add shaping to a garment.

A custom-fitted or standardized pattern without seam allowances from which patterns for different styles can be developed.

A piece of fabric that is sewn to the edge of another piece of fabric to provide a finished look to the edges.

A method used in patternmaking to add fullness by cutting and spreading the pattern apart.

A fitted band that forms part of a garment, typically around the hip or waist, or across the shoulders in a shirt or blouse.

A decorative stitch on the top side of the garment often a quarter inch or less from the edge designed to be seen.

A folded and stitched wedge-shaped piece of fabric that helps to shape the garment to fit curves.

The difference between body measurements and garment measurements, allowing room for movement.

A fabric used on the unseen or 'wrong' side of fabrics to make an area of a garment more rigid.

The process of correcting the edges of pattern pieces to ensure they will sew together properly.

Small marks on the edge of a pattern piece to indicate alignment points for sewing pieces together.

A drawing tool used for shaping hip lines, hemlines, and other curved pattern edges.

A tool used to draw smooth curves of varying radii, particularly for armholes and necklines.