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Greek and Roman Mythology in Poetry
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Daphne and Apollo in 'Metamorphoses'
In Ovid's work, the nymph Daphne is pursued by Apollo and transformed into a laurel tree to escape his advances, symbolizing chaste pursuit.
Arachne's Challenge in 'Metamorphoses'
Ovid narrates the story of Arachne, who challenges Athena to a weaving contest and is turned into a spider for her pride and skill.
Achilles in 'The Iliad'
Achilles is a Greek hero of the Trojan War in Homer's epic. The poem focuses on the wrath of Achilles and its consequences.
Odysseus's journey in 'The Odyssey'
Homer's poem narrates the long journey of the Greek hero Odysseus returning home from the Trojan War, facing multiple mythological challenges.
Leda and the Swan in 'Leda and the Swan'
William Butler Yeats's sonnet depicts the myth of Zeus, in the form of a swan, seducing or assaulting Leda, leading to the birth of Helen of Troy.
Penelope’s loyalty in 'The Odyssey'
Homer's epic poem includes Penelope who remains faithful to Odysseus for twenty years, warding off suitors and waiting for his return.
The Creation of Man by Prometheus in 'Works and Days'
Hesiod tells of Prometheus creating man from clay and defying the gods by stealing fire, a crucial step in mankind's development.
Narcissus and Echo in 'Metamorphoses'
Ovid explores the tale of Narcissus, who fell in love with his own reflection, and Echo, the nymph who loved him unrequitedly.
Perseus and Medusa in 'Metamorphoses'
Ovid retells the heroic tale of Perseus who defeats the Gorgon Medusa, whose gaze could turn anyone to stone, with the help of divine gifts.
The Myth of Sisyphus in 'The Myth of Sisyphus'
Albert Camus's essay includes the story of Sisyphus, condemned to eternally push a boulder uphill, symbolizing the human struggle for meaning.
Dido and Aeneas in 'The Aeneid'
Vergil's epic includes the tragic love story of Dido and Aeneas, where Dido falls deeply in love with the Trojan hero, ultimately leading to her suicide.
The Golden Bough in 'Aeneid'
In Vergil's epic, the Golden Bough is a sacred tree branch that allows Aeneas to safely enter the underworld as part of his journey.
The Fall of Icarus in 'Metamorphoses'
Ovid recounts the story of Icarus, who fell from the sky when he flew too close to the sun with wax wings, in his poem of transformations.
The Transformation of Actaeon in 'Metamorphoses'
Actaeon inadvertently sees Artemis bathing and is transformed into a stag by the goddess, only to be killed by his own hunting dogs as narrated by Ovid.
Hades and Persephone in 'Hymn to Demeter'
The myth of Hades abducting Persephone, triggering Demeter's sorrow which leads to the changing seasons, is depicted in this Homeric Hymn.
The Sirens in 'The Odyssey'
Homer describes Odysseus's encounter with the Sirens, creatures who lure sailors with their enchanting music and voices to shipwreck on the rocky coast of their island.
Orpheus and Eurydice in 'Georgics'
Vergil refers to the tragic myth of Orpheus, who tried to retrieve his love Eurydice from the underworld, in his didactic poem.
Hercules' Labors in 'Metamorphoses'
Ovid includes episodes from the twelve labors of Hercules, showcasing his strength, bravery, and occasional help from the gods.
The Rape of Proserpina in 'Metamorphoses'
Ovid presents the abduction of Proserpina by Pluto, the god of the underworld, which leads to her dual life between earth and underworld.
Pyramus and Thisbe in 'Metamorphoses'
Ovid depicts the star-crossed lovers Pyramus and Thisbe, whose tragic story prefigures Romeo and Juliet, with death and misunderstanding.
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