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Calculus Symbols and Notations

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lim\lim

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Limit notation indicating the value that a function approaches as the input approaches some value.

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\int

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Integral symbol used to represent integration or the antiderivative.

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ddx\frac{d}{dx}

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Derivative of a function with respect to x.

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Δ\Delta

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Represent a change or difference in a certain quantity.

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\infty

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Symbol representing infinity or an unbounded limit.

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π\pi

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Pi, a mathematical constant representing the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159.

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ln\ln

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Natural logarithm, the logarithm to the base of Euler's number (e).

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\partial

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Partial derivative symbol, used when differentiating a multivariable function with respect to one variable.

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\approx

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Approximately equal to, used when representing an approximation of a value rather than its exact form.

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sin,cos,tan\sin, \cos, \tan

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Sine, cosine, and tangent functions, fundamental in trigonometry.

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±\pm

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Plus-minus symbol, can represent both the positive and negative variant of a value.

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\nabla

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Nabla or del operator, used in operations such as gradient, divergence, and curl.

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θ\theta

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Theta, often used to denote an unknown angle in trigonometry and geometry.

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ii

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Imaginary unit, equivalent to the square root of -1, used in complex number theory.

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ee

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Euler's number, the base of the natural logarithm, an irrational constant approximately equal to 2.71828.

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\sum

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Summation symbol, used for adding a series of numbers, usually with a defined sequence.

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\sqrt{}

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Square root symbol, represents a number that, when squared, yields the specified value.

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dxdx

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Differential of x, represents an infinitesimally small change in the variable x.

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2x2\frac{\partial ^2}{\partial x^2}

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Second partial derivative with respect to x, measures how the rate of change of a quantity changes as x changes.

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!!

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Factorial, the product of all positive integers up to a certain number.

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