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Global Music Industry Economics
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Flashcards
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Supply and Demand
Determines the market value of music products and live show tickets.
Elasticity
Measures how changes in price affect the quantity demanded for music or music streaming services.
Marginal Cost
The cost of producing one additional unit of a music record or digital download.
Economies of Scale
Cost advantage that arises with increased output of music products.
Market Structure
Describes the competitive environment of the music industry, like oligopoly in record labels.
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
GDP includes the value of the music industry's output as part of a country's economic output.
Licensing
Sources of revenue for the music industry through the authorization of music rights usage.
Intellectual Property
Musicians and producers hold rights to their music which generates royalties.
Vertical Integration
Occurs when a company expands its control over multiple levels of the music industry production chain.
Horizontal Integration
Occurs when companies merge at the same stage of production in the music industry.
Diversification
Music companies expand into different markets or sectors for growth and risk mitigation.
Monopoly
A situation where there is a single provider of a certain type of music or music service.
Price Discrimination
Charging different prices for music products or services to different consumers.
Royalty
Payments made to artists for use of their music, providing them with a share of the revenue.
Break-even Analysis
Determines the level of sales needed for a music business to cover its costs without making a loss.
Opportunity Cost
The potential revenue lost when a musician or label chooses one economic action over another.
Consumer Surplus
The difference between the highest price consumers are willing to pay and the price they actually pay for music.
Producer Surplus
The difference between the lowest price producers are willing to sell for and the price they actually receive.
Fixed Costs
Costs that do not vary with the level of output in the music production process.
Variable Costs
Costs that change directly with the level of production or sales in the music industry.
Return on Investment (ROI)
A measure used to evaluate the efficiency or profitability of an investment in the music industry.
Sunk Costs
Costs that have already been incurred in the music industry and cannot be recovered.
Scarcity
Limited availability of music products or tickets, which can increase demand and value.
Complementary Goods
Products that enhance the value of music, such as headphones or concert tickets with album purchases.
Merchandising
Creation and sale of branded products can be a significant revenue stream for artists.
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