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The Solar System
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Mercury
Smallest and closest planet to the Sun, with a very thin atmosphere and extreme temperature fluctuations.
Venus
Second planet from the Sun, known for its thick, toxic atmosphere and surface temperatures hot enough to melt lead.
Earth
Third planet from the Sun, the largest of the terrestrial planets, and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
Mars
The fourth planet from the Sun, noted for its red appearance, thin atmosphere, and the presence of the largest volcano and canyon in the Solar System.
Jupiter
The fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System, with a massive magnetic field and more than 79 moons.
Saturn
The sixth planet from the Sun, distinguished by its prominent ring system and over 82 moons.
Uranus
The seventh planet from the Sun, unique for its tilted axis of rotation and its faint rings; it's an ice giant with at least 27 known moons.
Neptune
The eighth planet from the Sun and the farthest known major planet in the Solar System; characterized by strong winds and a deep blue color.
Pluto
A dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt known for its heart-shaped glacier; once considered the ninth planet.
Ceres
The largest object in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, classified as a dwarf planet.
Io
One of Jupiter's Galilean moons, the most volcanically active body in the Solar System.
Europa
A moon of Jupiter with a smooth, icy surface and an ocean beneath, making it a candidate for extraterrestrial life.
Ganymede
The largest moon in the Solar System, belonging to Jupiter, and the only moon known to have its own magnetic field.
Callisto
The second-largest moon of Jupiter and the third-largest moon in the Solar System, known for its heavily cratered surface.
Titan
Saturn's largest moon and the second-largest in the Solar System; it has a thick atmosphere and liquid hydrocarbon lakes.
Enceladus
A small moon of Saturn known for its geysers ejecting water into space, indicating a subsurface ocean.
Triton
Neptune's largest moon, known for its retrograde orbit and geysers similar to those on Enceladus.
Eris
A dwarf planet in the scattered disc, which is a region beyond the Kuiper belt; known for its discovery that led to Pluto's reclassification.
Haumea
A dwarf planet known for its elongated shape and rapid rotation, located in the Kuiper belt.
Makemake
A dwarf planet and perhaps the largest Kuiper belt object after Pluto, known for having no atmosphere.
Vesta
One of the largest objects in the asteroid belt, known for its exposed core and giant crater Rheasilvia.
Pallas
The second-largest asteroid in the asteroid belt, characterized by its extremely inclined orbit and bumpy shape.
Hygiea
The fourth-largest asteroid in the asteroid belt and possibly the smallest dwarf planet.
Sun
The star at the center of the Solar System, a nearly perfect sphere of hot plasma, and the most important source of energy for life on Earth.
Asteroid Belt
The circumstellar disc in the Solar System located roughly between the orbits of the planets Mars and Jupiter.
Kuiper Belt
A ring of icy bodies beyond Neptune's orbit, where many dwarf planets including Pluto are located.
Oort Cloud
An extended shell of icy objects that exist in the outermost reaches of the Solar System, far beyond the Kuiper Belt and main asteroid belt.
Comet Halley
A well-known periodic comet that is visible from Earth every 75-76 years, last seen in 1986.
Comet Hale-Bopp
A comet that was visible to the naked eye for a record 18 months in 1996-97, one of the brightest seen for many decades.
Saturn's Rings
The rings of Saturn are predominantly composed of ice particles with a smaller amount of rocky debris and dust.
Great Red Spot
A gigantic storm located in Jupiter’s southern hemisphere, persisting for at least 400 years.
Olympus Mons
The largest volcano and highest known mountain in the Solar System, located on Mars.
Valles Marineris
One of the largest canyons in the Solar System, located on Mars, stretching over 4,000 km (2,500 mi) long.
Caloris Basin
A large impact crater on Mercury, one of the largest in the Solar System with a diameter of about 1,550 km (960 mi).
Hellas Planitia
A massive impact basin in the southern hemisphere of Mars, likely the largest visible impact crater in the Solar System.
Charon
The largest of the five known moons of Pluto and mutually tidally locked with it.
Ariel
One of Uranus' largest and brightest moons, heavily cratered and crosscut by many valleys and scarps.
Umbriel
A moon of Uranus that is the darkest of its large moons and has a very old and heavily cratered surface.
Miranda
The smallest and innermost of Uranus's five major moons, known for its heavily fractured and grooved surface.
Trans-Neptunian Objects
Minor planets in the outer Solar System beyond Neptune's orbit, which include dwarf planets like Eris, Haumea, and Makemake.
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