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The Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
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White Dwarfs
Small, hot, and faint stars; Remnants of stars like the Sun, not undergoing fusion reactions. Example: Sirius B.
Wolf-Rayet Stars
Evolved, massive stars; Often lose mass rapidly due to strong stellar winds, with distinctive broad emission lines. Example: Gamma2 Velorum.
Supergiants
Extremely luminous with high mass; Often undergo dramatic changes and some end in supernovae. Example: Betelgeuse.
T Tauri Stars
Pre-main sequence stars; Often variable and surrounded by circumstellar disks. Example: T Tauri itself.
Red Giants
Luminous stars with cool surfaces; Having exhausted hydrogen in their cores. Example: Aldebaran.
Main Sequence
Stars in hydrostatic equilibrium; Fusing hydrogen into helium in their cores. Example: the Sun.
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