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The administrative process used by courts to control the progress of cases to ensure they move to trial efficiently.

Meetings between the judge and the attorneys to discuss case management and settlement opportunities.

Requests made after the trial for the court to alter or reconsider its decision before entering the final judgment.

The modification of initial pleadings in response to new information or strategic changes.

The process by which a party requests a higher court to review the decision of a lower court.

The formal submission of the complaint to the court to initiate legal proceedings.

Formal documents filed with the court to establish each party's claims and defenses.

The official decision of a court resolving the dispute and determining the rights and obligations of the parties.

Resolution of the dispute between the parties without a trial, usually through negotiation or mediation.

The use of methods other than litigation to resolve disputes, such as arbitration and mediation.

The process by which a court determines whether a lawsuit can proceed as a class action.

A directive to preserve documents and other evidence that may be relevant to litigation.

The pre-trial phase in which each party exchanges relevant information and gathers evidence.

The formal delivery of the legal documents to the parties involved in the lawsuit.

Investigation, gathering evidence, and efforts to settle the dispute outside of court.

Requests for the court to make a ruling or take an action prior to the trial.

A legal ruling by a judge, deciding a case or a specific issue in the case without a full trial.

Appeals of certain rulings made before a final judgment in the trial court.

The formal presentation of evidence before a judge (and possibly a jury) to make a decision in the case.