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Evidence in the form of documents.

The process of proving that an item of evidence is genuine.

Recognition of a fact as true without formal presentation of evidence.

Judicial assessment of the relative interests of the parties in a legal matter, weighed against each other.

A non-expert who testifies in a trial, only about facts, and not about opinions that require expert evaluation.

The standard of proof required in criminal trials; the evidence must be so conclusive that there are no reasonable doubts regarding the defendant's guilt.

A person with specialized skill sets giving testimony about an issue requiring expertise.

Evidence that requires inference to connect it to the conclusion of fact.

A characteristic of evidence that makes the fact that is being proved more or less probable.

Tangible items that can be examined (e.g., weapons, clothing, fingerprints).

Act of exposing oneself to an accusation or charge of crime.

The process of challenging the credibility of a witness.

Additional evidence that supports or confirms existing evidence.

Intentional or negligent withholding, hiding, altering, or destroying evidence relevant to a legal proceeding.

The standard of proof in civil trials; requires that a party's claim be more likely true than not.

The ability of evidence to prove something that is material to a crime.

The obligation to present evidence to support one's claim.

Evidence that directly proves a fact without needing any inference or presumption.

Refers to the significance of evidence in proving a legal dispute.

A rule of evidence that allows a witness to decline to answer questions that would expose him or her to self-incrimination, or that protect certain relationships from disclosure in court.

Evidence of a person's routine practice or an organization's routine manner of conduct.

A question that suggests the answer or contains the information the examiner is aiming to have confirmed.

The documented and unbroken transfer of evidence.

A preliminary examination of a witness or a juror by a judge or counsel.

An out-of-court statement offered to prove the truth of the matter asserted.

Firsthand account of a witness who observed the event in question.

Evidence that shows a person's character to prove their propensity to act a certain way.

Evidence that can prove the innocence of a defendant.

A legal principle that requires the original document or the best available evidence to be presented in court.