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Example: Fortunato's name means 'fortunate' in Italian, which is ironic because he is anything but fortunate by the end of the story. Effect: This adds a layer of bitter humor and helps to underscore the dark tone of the tale.

Example: The amontillado itself symbolizes the deceit and betrayal that Montresor uses to lure Fortunato to his fate. Effect: It adds depth to the narrative, offering a physical representation of the trap.

Example: Montresor's words 'You are a man to be missed' to Fortunato foreshadow the latter's demise. Effect: This creates a sense of suspense and anticipation for the reader.

Example: The vivid description of the catacombs creates a chilling, claustrophobic atmosphere. Effect: It helps the reader visualise the setting and feel the damp, cold air, which increases the story's haunting effect.

Example: Montresor refers to his heart 'growing sick' due to the dampness of the catacombs. Effect: It is a metaphor for his guilt, creating a dual meaning behind the literal event.

Example: Montresor's coat of arms and mantra allude to noble qualities, but ironically represent the deception and revenge he practices. Effect: It provides depth to Montresor's character & his understanding of justice.

Example: 'The nitre!' he said; 'see, it increases. It hangs like moss upon the vaults.' Effect: The nitre is personified, adding to the eerie atmosphere and foreboding tone of the catacombs.

Example: Montresor's response 'Yes, for the love of God,' when Fortunato exclaims 'For the love of God, Montresor!' is a pun on the phrase. Effect: Adds irony by juxtaposing Fortunato's desperate plea with Montresor's mockery of it.

Example: Fortunato's claim of being a great connoisseur of wine could be seen as hyperbole, especially in his intoxicated state. Effect: This exaggerates his vanity and sets up his downfall.