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Refers to choral music performed without instrumental accompaniment.

A texture characterized by the simultaneous combination of two or more independent melodic lines.

A sudden, strong accent on a note or chord.

A symbol indicating that a note or chord is to be played holding the full time value, possibly slightly longer.

Instructs a section of the choir to split into two or more groups to sing different parts.

A symbol above a note or rest indicating it should be held longer than its usual duration.

Stands for Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass, which represents the common four-part mixed choir configuration.

A musical directive indicating a gradual decrease in loudness, similar to decrescendo.

A mass in the Catholic Church for the dead, often set to music with rich, somber themes.

Indicates a very slow tempo, often emphasizing broad, full sound.

The degree of loudness or softness in music, or the symbols used in sheet music to denote these levels.

A term indicating the gradual slowing down of the tempo.

A texture where all voices move together rhythmically, creating blocked chordal harmonies.

A concluding passage of a piece of music, typically in a separate section, that brings it to an end.

Commonly marked as 'C' with a vertical line through it, and indicates a tempo twice as fast as common time (2/2 instead of 4/4).

In choral terms, it signifies a dynamic level that is soft and gentle.

A directive in sheet music that indicates the music should gradually increase in volume.

A polyphonic choral composition on a sacred text, without accompaniment.

A dynamic marking indicating the music should be sung loudly.

A musical term describing a lively and fast tempo.

In music notation, a directive for the musician to return to the beginning of the piece (from the head).

A directive to repeat a passage starting from the sign ('segno') marked in the score.

A manner of performance in which notes are smoothly connected without breaks.

A style of singing where each note is performed sharply and detached from the others.

A type of secular vocal music composition, which originated from Italy, often involving complex counterpoint and word painting.

A musical gesture involving a continuous sliding from one note to another, seamlessly connecting the two.

A dynamic marking meaning 'medium soft' or 'moderately soft'.

A form of vocal composition with an instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir.

A dynamic marking meaning 'medium loud' or 'moderately loud'.