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Irish folk music often features instruments like the tin whistle, fiddle, and uilleann pipes. An iconic song is 'Danny Boy' and a representative artist is The Chieftains.

Appalachian music is rooted in the English and Scottish ballad tradition, with a significant influence from African American rhythms. A representative artist is Doc Watson.

Flamenco is a highly-expressive, Spanish folk music style that features guitar playing, footwork, and intricate hand claps. A representative artist is Paco de Lucía.

Bhangra is a lively form of music and dance that originally comes from the Punjab region. A representative song is 'Mundian To Bach Ke' by Panjabi MC.

Reggae combines elements of folk music with jazz and rhythm and blues. An iconic star is Bob Marley, with songs like 'No Woman, No Cry'.

Joik is a traditional form of song of the Sámi people of the Nordic countries. Heavy on spiritual and nature themes, Wimme Saari is a modern performer.

Mariachi involves ensembles with violins, trumpets, and guitars. 'El Son de la Negra' is a traditional mariachi staple.

Greek folk music, or demotika, traditionally features instruments like the bouzouki. A representative song is 'Zorba's Dance' by Mikis Theodorakis.

Scottish folk music includes both traditional and contemporary forms. Traditional instruments include bagpipes. 'Auld Lang Syne' is a famous tune.

Tango is a dramatic Argentine music style marked by passionate rhythms and paired with a dance. Carlos Gardel is a notable tango singer.

Mbira music is characterized by the use of the mbira, a thumb piano. The representative artist is Thomas Mapfumo.

The Hardanger fiddle is a traditional Norwegian violin with additional sympathetic strings. Annbjørg Lien is a well-known player.

Bossa nova is a Brazilian music style with a gentle rhythm influenced by samba and jazz. 'The Girl from Ipanema' by Antônio Carlos Jobim is a classic.

Mongolian throat singing, or Khöömei, involves producing multiple pitches at once. A representative group is Huun-Huur-Tu.

Tarantella is an Italian folk dance commonly played at weddings. It's fast-paced and in a 6/8 time signature.

Chanson is a lyric-driven French song genre with roots in the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Édith Piaf is one of the most famous chanson singers.

Enka is a popular Japanese music genre resembling traditional Japanese music with a sentimental ballad style. A known artist is Hibari Misora.

Son Cubano blends Spanish guitar and African rhythms. It's the foundation of salsa music. Compay Segundo is one of the notable musicians.

Quebecois music from Canada has a strong French influence and often features the fiddle and accordion. La Bottine Souriante is a prominent group.

Raï is a form of folk music that originated in Oran, Algeria, and is known for its frank lyrics. Cheb Khaled is a famous Raï singer.

Saidi music comes from the Upper Egypt area, known for its dance and use of the mizmar. Metqal Qenawi Metqal is a representative artist.

The Nyckelharpa is a key fiddle that's a traditional music instrument in Sweden. A representative artist is Olov Johansson.

The Balalaika is a Russian stringed musical instrument with a characteristic triangular body. The song 'Kalinka' is a well-known Balalaika tune.

Cumbia is a traditional Colombian music and dance, which has pan-Latin American influence. Carlos Vives is a modern cumbia artist.

Klezmer is a musical tradition of the Ashkenazi Jews of Eastern Europe. Representative instruments include the clarinet and violin.

Guoyue is a category of Chinese music that consists of traditional and modern compositions. Instruments include the erhu and guzheng.

Mbube is a style of South African vocal music made famous by the song 'The Lion Sleeps Tonight'. Ladysmith Black Mambazo is a key group.

Andean music from Peru is characterized by the use of the panpipe and charango. Grupo Andino is a known Andean music band.

Afrobeat combines traditional Nigerian music with jazz, highlife, and funky rhythms. Fela Kuti is the most notable name associated with Afrobeat.

Ca trù is a Vietnamese form of chamber music with poetry singing. It often features female vocalists. Nguyễn Phú Đẹ is a master of Ca trù.

Mazurka is a Polish folk dance in triple meter with a lively tempo. Fryderyk Chopin composed several mazurkas for piano.

The Didgeridoo is a wind instrument developed by Indigenous Australians of northern Australia. Traditional music is often used for ceremonies.

Persian traditional music often features instruments like the setar, santur, and daf. Mohammad Reza Shajarian is an esteemed performer.

Fado is a music genre from Portugal, characterized by mournful tunes and lyrics. Amália Rodrigues is a well-known fado singer.

Ottoman military music, also called Mehter, is one of the oldest military marching band styles in the world. It uses large drums and horns.

Pansori is a Korean genre of musical storytelling performed by a vocalist and a drummer. A famous Pansori tale is 'Chunhyangga.'

Yodeling is a form of singing that involves rapid and repeated changes in pitch. It is a characteristic of the Alpine region. The Von Trapp Family is known for this style.

Rímur is an Icelandic epic chant tradition, often performed a cappella or with simple instrumentation. Steindor Andersen is a contemporary rímur singer.