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Tap Dance Terminology
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Shuffle
A basic tap step consisting of a brush forward and a brush back.
Ball change
A quick transfer of weight from one foot to another.
Flap
A step that consists of a brush and a step on the same foot.
Time step
A rhythmic pattern repeated several times as a part of tap choreography.
Wing
A step where the dancer swings one foot out to the side, brushes the floor, and brings the foot back in.
Cramproll
A tap step where the dancer uses a combination of toe and heel drops to produce a distinct sound pattern.
Pullback
A step that creates sound when the dancer hops and scrapes both feet backward.
Scuffle
A brush forward followed by a spank (brush back).
Pickup
A hop on one foot while the other foot executes a brush and a step.
Riff
A brush forward (with a closing tap) combined with a heel drop.
Maxie Ford
A tap step named after the vaudeville performer that includes a leap from one foot to the other with a shuffle in the middle.
Over-the-top
A leap where the dancer jumps from one foot to the other, making a half turn in the air.
Buffalo
A combination of steps that includes a leap, shuffle, and a step.
Irish
A step pattern of shuffle, hop, and a step.
Slap
A brush with a downward tap, hitting the floor with the ball of the foot.
Stamp
A step that places the entire foot on the floor with weight.
Stomp
A step that places the entire foot on the floor without weight transfer.
Brush
A sweeping movement where the ball tap of the shoe strikes the floor to create a sound.
Dig
Placing the heel on the floor with weight.
Heel drop
The action of dropping the heel to make a sound, usually following a toe or ball touch.
Spank
A backward brush of the ball tap of the shoe against the floor.
Step
A basic movement of placing the ball of the foot on the floor with weight transfer.
Toe tap
Striking the floor with the tip of the tap shoe without weight transfer.
Toe stand
A stance on the tips of the tap shoes, with heels elevated off the floor.
Cramp roll
A four-sound step that involves alternating toe and heel drops in a specific sequence.
Double heel
A step in which the dancer drops the heel twice in succession on the same foot.
Double toe
Striking the floor twice with the toe of the tap shoe, without transferring weight.
Double step
A movement where the dancer steps twice quickly on the same foot.
Double shuffle
A complex step involving two shuffles in a row on the same foot.
Triple step
A three-beat step usually consisting of three quick steps in a row.
Essence
A complex tap step that combines several tap movements into a smooth, flowing pattern.
Fallback
A tap dance move where the dancer falls backward, typically onto a toe tap.
Scissor step
A step that involves a crossing and uncrossing movement of the legs.
Trench
A low to the ground movement with a dragging motion of the feet.
Waltz clog
A tap step with a rhythm that fits the 3/4 time of a waltz.
Single buffalo
A variation of the buffalo tap step including a leap, shuffle, and step once.
Chug
A forward movement with a sliding motion, usually performed with the heels digging into the floor.
Jazz square
A four-step move that creates a square pattern on the floor typically used in jazz and tap dancing.
Single wing
A variation of the wing step executed with one foot.
Triple shuffle
Three consecutive shuffles done on the same foot.
Bojangles
A rhythm tap step named after the famous tap dancer Bill 'Bojangles' Robinson.
Buck
A dance move that involves kicking the leg out straight and then 'bucking' it back.
Buck and wing
A tap dancing style known for fast and intricate steps, typically including elements of the 'buck' step.
Cake walk
A strutting dance originally performed by African Americans during slave times, known for its elegant and exaggerated movements.
Chorus line
A group of dancers performing synchronized routines, often featured in musicals.
Hoofer
A term for a professional tap dancer, someone who 'hoofs' or makes their living by dancing.
Paddle and roll
A combative motion involving the alternation of heel and toe taps, creating a rolling sound.
Soft shoe
A style of tap dance performed in soft shoes without taps, emphasizing graceful and smooth movements.
Tap break
An improvised or composed solo within a tap number allowing the dancer to showcase their skills.
Time step
A repeated rhythm tap pattern that sets the tempo or serves as a break in the routine.
Waltz
A step performed in a 3/4 time signature, often incorporated into tap routines requiring smooth, flowing movements.
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