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Architectural Construction Techniques
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Dry Stone
Construction technique where structures are built from stones without any mortar to bind them.
Rammed Earth
A technique for constructing foundations, floors, and walls using natural raw materials such as earth, chalk, lime, or gravel.
Bricklaying
The process of building structures with bricks using mortar.
Timber Framing
Building method of creating framed structures of heavy timber jointed together with pegged mortise and tenon joints.
Balloon Framing
A wooden building method that uses long, continuous framing members (studs) that run from the sill plate to the top plate, with intermediate floor structures nailed to them.
Platform Framing
Type of wood building that consists of framing with shorter studs to build one story at a time.
Cob
A building material consisting of clay, sand, straw, water, and earth, similar to adobe.
Steel Framing
The technique of creating structures using steel columns and beams.
SIPs (Structural Insulated Panels)
A high-performance building system for residential and light commercial construction, consisting of an insulating foam core between two structural facings.
ICFs (Insulating Concrete Forms)
Forms for poured concrete walls that stay in place as a permanent part of the structure and provide insulation.
Straw Bale Construction
A building method that uses bales of straw as structural elements, building insulation, or both.
Adobe
A natural building material made from sand, clay, water, and some kind of fibrous or organic material, shaped into bricks using frames and dried in the sun.
Stucco
Fine plaster used for coating wall surfaces or molding into architectural decorations.
Wattle and Daub
A composite building material used for making walls, in which a woven lattice of wooden strips called wattle is daubed with a sticky material usually made of some combination of earth, clay, sand, animal dung, and straw.
Precast Concrete
Structural concrete elements are molded and cured in a factory environment and then transported to the construction site for assembly.
Cast-in-Place Concrete
Concrete is poured into site-specific forms and cured on site.
Glass Curtain Wall
A non-load-bearing wall made entirely of glass, which can provide a transparent façade to buildings.
Tensile Structures
Construction of elements carrying only tension and no compression or bending, often seen in roofs using fabrics or thin-shell structures.
Green Roofs
A roof of a building that is partially or completely covered with vegetation and a growing medium, planted over a waterproofing membrane.
Trombe Wall
A passive solar building design where a wall is painted black, made of material that can absorb heat, and is faced with glass spaced a few inches away, creating a small air space.
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