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Ceramic Glazing Techniques
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Overglaze
Overglaze is a decorative technique where a second layer of glaze is applied over an already glazed and fired ceramic piece, often used for adding detailed decorations.
Cuerda Seca
Cuerda Seca is a technique where a greasy substance is used to outline design areas, preventing glazes from mingling. It has Moorish origins, particularly in Spain.
Lustreware
Lustreware involves the application of a metallic film onto the surface of glazed pottery to create iridescent effects. It has historical origins in the Middle East.
Flow Blue
Flow Blue is a technique where a blue glaze is deliberately made to bleed or 'flow' during firing, creating smoky blue patterns, chiefly associated with English pottery.
Underglaze
Underglaze is a method of decorating pottery where the decoration is applied to the surface before it is glazed, allowing for intricate designs. It can be found in many cultures.
Slipware
Slipware is pottery to which a liquid clay slip is applied before firing. It's known for its decorative quality and has been popular in England since the 17th century.
Chun Glaze
Chun glaze is a type of Chinese glazing famed for its sky-blue color, which is created through the reduction of copper oxides. It dates back to the Song dynasty.
Chinoiserie
Chinoiserie is not a glazing technique per se, but describes a European style that imitates Chinese porcelain designs, often using blue and white motifs.
Shino Glaze
Shino glaze is a Japanese glazing technique that offers a thick white glaze often displaying orange peel-like texture. It was developed during the Momoyama period.
Raku Firing
Raku firing is a traditional Japanese glazing technique that involves removing the pottery from the kiln while it's still hot and allowing it to cool in the open air.
Majolica
Majolica refers to a tin-glazed pottery with a white, opaque, and glossy surface. It originated during the Renaissance in Italy.
Crystalline Glaze
Crystalline glaze is a specialisation that creates crystal-like patterns within the glaze, requiring precise firing conditions. This technique is modern and often Western.
Celadon Glazing
Celadon glazing is a technique that produces a jade-green ceramic glaze, traditionally associated with Chinese and Korean pottery.
Delftware
Delftware refers to a type of pottery that features a white glaze with blue decoration, named after the Dutch city of Delft where it became famous.
Sgraffito
Sgraffito involves scratching through a layer of colored slip to reveal the contrasting clay body beneath. It has Italian origins and its name means 'scratched'.
Crawling
Crawling is a glaze defect that occurs when the glaze retracts, leaving bare clay exposed. It can, however, be embraced as a decorative effect.
Salt Glazing
Salt glazing is a technique involving throwing salt into a kiln to create a textured, glossy surface. It originated in Germany in the Late Middle Ages.
Tin Glazing
Tin glazing is the process of giving pottery a ceramic glaze that is white, glossy, and opaque, which is typically used as a background for painted designs. It was widely used in the Islamic world.
Biscuit Firing
Biscuit Firing is the first firing of pottery at a lower temperature before the glaze is applied. This step is crucial across various glazing techniques.
Engobe
Engobe is a slip applied to ceramics prior to glazing, which can be colored and used for decorative purposes. It has been utilized across various cultures.
Barbotine
Barbotine involves the application of a clay slip to the surface of ceramics to create a textured decoration. It was particularly popular in French pottery.
Terra Sigillata
Terra Sigillata is a refined slip technique used to give ceramics a fine, glossy finish and is known from ancient Roman pottery.
Peacock Glaze
Peacock Glaze is a multi-colored glazing technique often featuring blues, greens, and yellows, resembling the plumage of a peacock and is common in Persian art.
Oxide Wash
Oxide washes are glaze treatments using metal oxides to create colors and effects, often used for highlighting texture on ceramic surfaces.
Matte Glaze
Matte glaze creates a non-glossy, satin-like surface on ceramic pieces. The understated finish can have a modern feel and stands in contrast to traditional glossy glazes.
Eggshell Porcelain
Eggshell Porcelain is not a glaze but describes an extremely thin and translucent type of Chinese porcelain. While not glazing, it requires mastery in firing and glazing technique.
Gloss Glaze
Gloss Glaze gives ceramic pieces a shiny and reflective surface. The glass-like finish is widely used to enhance the visual depth of glaze colors.
Ash Glaze
Ash glaze is created by applying ashes directly to pottery before firing. It naturally creates varying textures and colors and is popular in East Asian ceramics.
Fat Lava
Fat Lava is a glazing style that originated in West Germany in the 1960s and 1970s, characterized by thick, textured glazes that resemble flowing lava.
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