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Role in space: Main component of stars; Where it's commonly found: Throughout the universe, predominantly in stars and gas clouds; Significance: Its fusion powers stars and produces heavier elements.

Role in space: End product of fusion in massive stars; Where it's commonly found: In the cores of stars and planets; Significance: The presence of iron in a star signifies that it is nearing the end of its life, as further fusion is not energetically favorable.

Role in space: Major component of the Earth's crust; significant for studying supernova remnants; Where it's commonly found: In stars, interstellar medium, and planets; Significance: Calcium absorption features provide insights into the composition of the interstellar medium.

Role in space: Product of hydrogen fusion in stars; Where it's commonly found: In stars and gas giants; Significance: Second most abundant element and helps in understanding stellar evolution.

Role in space: Often found in meteorites and is a result of supernova explosions; Where it's commonly found: In the Earth's core and trace amounts in the Sun; Significance: Its presence in meteorites provides clues about the early solar system.

Role in space: Component of many molecules in interstellar space; Where it's commonly found: In gas giants, molecular clouds, and hot stars; Significance: Helps trace the chemistry of star-forming regions and biological activity.

Role in space: Noble gas detected in planetary atmospheres and stellar spectra; Where it's commonly found: In the Earth's atmosphere and space; Significance: Its inertness makes it a useful tracer for studying the evolution of planetary atmospheres.

Role in space: Essential for the formation of water and organic molecules; Where it's commonly found: In molecular clouds, stars, and planets; Significance: Key element for understanding planet habitability and life's potential in the universe.

Role in space: Key component in dust and rocky planets; Where it's commonly found: In the Earth's crust, asteroids, and interstellar dust; Significance: Silicon in the form of silicates is essential to the cosmic dust that seeds planet formation.

Role in space: Building block of life and organic compounds; Where it's commonly found: In stars, interstellar clouds, and planets; Significance: Its abundance and bonding properties are central to astrochemistry and the possibility of life elsewhere.

Role in space: Creates distinct yellow streetlight color and aids in studying stellar atmospheres; Where it's commonly found: In stars, including the Sun, and Earth's oceans; Significance: Sodium absorption lines are used to study the atmospheres of stars and exoplanets.

Role in space: Component of ammonia and other vital molecules; Where it's commonly found: In the atmospheres of Earth and Titan, and in the interstellar medium; Significance: Crucial for understanding the chemistry of life in the universe.

Role in space: Important for studying the Big Bang and stellar evolution; Where it's commonly found: In brown dwarfs, young stars, and some planetary bodies; Significance: Lithium abundance helps astronomers study cosmology and chemical evolution of the universe.

Role in space: Common in many types of meteorites; Where it's commonly found: In the Earth's crust and rocky planets; Significance: Its 26Al isotope is used to date meteorites and early solar system events.

Role in space: Used in telescopes; rare in the universe; Where it's commonly found: In stars and certain types of rocks on Earth; Significance: Its rarity and the specific conditions under which it forms are of interest to astronomers.

Role in space: Used to trace the activity of massive stars; Where it's commonly found: In stars and the interstellar medium; Significance: Neon emissions from stellar nurseries reveal processes in star formation.

Role in space: Component of interstellar dust grains and planets; Where it's commonly found: In Earth's crust and various types of stars; Significance: Used to understand the chemical evolution of galaxies and star-forming regions.