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International Property Measurement Standards

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IPMS 1

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IPMS 1 applies to the measurement of office buildings and defines the area upon which a property's rental can be based.

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IPMS 2

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IPMS 2 pertains to residential buildings and is used to measure the interior space of apartments or residential units, including any balconies and shared areas.

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IPMS 3

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IPMS 3 is applied to measure the usable area within industrial buildings, considering the space that can be actually utilized for the industrial activity.

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Floor Area Ratio (FAR)

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FAR is the ratio of a building's total floor area to the size of the piece of land upon which it is built.

FAR=Total Building Floor AreaArea of the PlotFAR = \frac{Total\space Building\space Floor\space Area}{Area\space of\space the\space Plot}

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Gross Building Area (GBA)

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GBA refers to the total floor area inside the building envelope, including the external walls and inclusive of all floors, measured to the exterior faces of the exterior walls.

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Gross Leasable Area (GLA)

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GLA is the total floor area designed for the tenant's occupancy and exclusive use, including any basements, mezzanines, or upper floors.

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Net Internal Area (NIA)

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NIA is the usable floor area within a building measured to the internal finish of wall surfaces, that is available for an occupant’s exclusive use.

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Building Footprint

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The building footprint is the area of the ground covered by a building's perimeter, often used to determine land usage and building coverage ratios.

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Rentable Square Footage

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Rentable Square Footage is the tenant's proportionate share of the entire office building, including shared services or areas, such as lobbies and bathrooms.

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Usable Square Footage

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Usable Square Footage is the space actually occupied by a tenant, not including communal areas such as lobbies, restrooms, and elevators.

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Common Area Factor (CAF)

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CAF is the percentage of a building's common areas to total rentable square footage, used to determine the rentable area from usable space.

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Load Factor

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Load Factor, also known as Add-on Factor or Core Factor, is the ratio of rentable square footage to usable square footage in a building.

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Cap Rate

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The capitalization rate, or cap rate, is a real estate valuation measure used to compare different real estate investments.

Cap Rate=NetOperatingIncomeCurrentMarketValue\text{Cap Rate} = \frac{Net Operating Income}{Current Market Value}

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Build-to-Suit Lease

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A build-to-suit lease is an arrangement where a developer constructs a new building to a tenant's specifications. The tenant leases the premises upon completion.

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Triple Net Lease (NNN)

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In a triple net lease, the tenant agrees to pay all expenses of the property, including real estate taxes, building insurance, and maintenance, in addition to rent and utilities.

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