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Computer Network Layers

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Layer 2: Data Link

Purpose: To provide node-to-node data transfer and error correction. Protocols Used: Ethernet, PPP, Switched Fabric

Layer 5: Session

Purpose: To control the connections between computers. Protocols Used: NetBIOS, SSH, TLS

Layer 4: Transport

Purpose: To provide reliable, transparent transfer of data between end points. Protocols Used: TCP, UDP, SCTP

Layer 7: Application

Purpose: To provide network services to the applications of the user. Protocols Used: HTTP, FTP, SMTP

Layer 1: Physical

Purpose: To transmit raw bits over a physical medium. Protocols Used: Ethernet, USB, Bluetooth

Layer 6: Presentation

Purpose: To translate, encrypt, and prepare data for the application layer. Protocols Used: SSL, TLS, JPEG

Layer 3: Network

Purpose: To provide data routing pathways between networks. Protocols Used: IP, ICMP, IPSec

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