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Microprocessor Architecture
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Registers
Registers are small, high-speed storage locations within the CPU that temporarily hold data and instructions.
Memory Address Register (MAR)
The Memory Address Register holds the address of the memory location to be accessed.
Memory Data Register (MDR)
The Memory Data Register, also known as the Memory Buffer Register, temporarily holds data read from or written to memory.
Cache
Cache memory provides high-speed data storage to improve the efficiency of data retrieval.
Clock
The system clock generates a sequence of pulses used to synchronize the operations of the microprocessor components.
Program Counter (PC)
The Program Counter holds the address of the next instruction to be executed in the microprocessor.
ALU
The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs arithmetic and logic operations.
Bus
A bus is a communication system that transfers data between components inside a computer.
Instruction Register (IR)
The Instruction Register holds the current instruction that is being executed.
CU
The Control Unit (CU) manages the execution of instructions in the CPU's instruction set.
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