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Major Biomes of the World

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Desert

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Characteristics: Low precipitation, extremes in temperature, sparse vegetation. Typical flora: Cacti, small bushes, deciduous trees. Typical fauna: Lizards, roadrunners, scorpions.

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Tundra

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Characteristics: Extremely cold climate, low biotic diversity, simple vegetation structure. Typical flora: Mosses, lichens, sedges, perennial grasses. Typical fauna: Arctic hare, polar bear, snowy owl.

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Boreal Forest (Taiga)

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Characteristics: Long, cold winters and short summers, moderate precipitation, high humidity. Typical flora: Evergreen trees, spruce, fir. Typical fauna: Moose, gray wolves, bears.

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Tropical Rainforest

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Characteristics: High biodiversity, warm and moist year-round, high annual precipitation. Typical flora: Epiphytes, broadleaf evergreen trees, ferns. Typical fauna: Jaguars, orangutans, toucans.

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Grasslands

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Characteristics: Dominated by grasses, occasional droughts, large temperature differences between winter and summer. Typical flora: Grasses, herbs, cottonwood. Typical fauna: Bison, pronghorns, ground squirrels.

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Temperate Forest

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Characteristics: Well-defined seasons with a distinct winter, high precipitation. Typical flora: Deciduous trees, some evergreens. Typical fauna: Deer, foxes, wood mice.

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