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Created by Marcel Duchamp, 'Fountain' is a signed porcelain urinal which challenged traditional conceptions of art and authorship. It became a seminal piece in the Dada movement.

Also known as 'The Large Glass,' this piece by Marcel Duchamp blurred the lines between painting and sculpture using glass, lead foil, wire and dust. It's often associated with both Dada and Surrealist movements.

Painted by Pablo Picasso, this artwork initiated the Cubism movement. It broke away from traditional perspective and featured a radical use of geometric forms.

Created by Kazimir Malevich, the painting is considered one of the most iconic works of the Suprematist movement, completely abandoning representational art in favor of basic geometric forms.

Salvador Dalí's surrealistic painting is famed for its depiction of melting clocks. It probes the concept of softness and hardness, and the fluidity of time.

Bauhaus was an avant-garde school of art, design, and architecture, from Germany, with a profound influence on modern design, art education, and architectural style.

Wassily Kandinsky's abstract work is noted for its emotional power through color and spontaneous form, representing the apogee of expressionism and advancement toward entirely abstract art.

Sculpture by Umberto Boccioni, this piece of Futurist art exemplifies the dynamism and energy of life, representing movement and fluid form in opposition to the static and classical.

Georges Seurat's masterpiece introduced Pointillism, utilizing distinct dots of color which the viewer's mind blends together, shaping the neo-impressionist movement.

René Magritte's painting is a cornerstone of Surrealism, famously bearing the inscription 'Ceci n'est pas une pipe,' challenging observers' preconditioned perceptions of reality.

An artistic and literary movement that began in Zurich in reaction to World War I. It embraced nonsense and irrationality, rejecting standard aesthetic and cultural values.

Kazimir Malevich's painting represents Suprematist art, where basic geometric shapes, free of any metaphorical meaning, were used to convey purity and spirituality.

Pablo Picasso's mural-sized painting was a response to the bombing of Guernica, Spain. It's one of the most powerful political statements, becoming a perpetual reminder of the tragedies of war.

A novel by Ayn Rand, not only is it influential in literature, but it also had a cultural impact on modern architecture, promoting individualism and creativity among architects.