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The act of withholding assets for the purpose of conversion of such assets, by one or more persons to whom the assets were entrusted. An example is the case of former Dixon, Illinois Comptroller, Rita Crundwell.

Any act committed with the intent to fraudulently obtain payment from an insurer. This includes exaggerating claims, falsifying medical treatments, and staging accidents. Well-known is the case involving Martin Frankel.

Stealing or using someone's intellectual property without permission. This includes piracy, patent infringement, and copying proprietary technology. The case of Samsung vs. Apple is well-known.

Actions designed to artificially affect the supply or demand for securities in markets to create favorable conditions for certain market participants. Cases such as the Libor scandal illustrate market manipulation.

The deliberate use of someone else's identity, typically to gain a financial advantage or obtain credit and other benefits. Notable case: The massive data breach of Equifax.

Offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official in the discharge of his or her public or legal duties. The FIFA corruption scandal is an example.

A money mule is a person who transfers illegally acquired money on behalf of others. Typically seen in phishing schemes or complex money laundering operations.

Manipulation of a company's financial records to present a false picture of its financial health to shareholders and other stakeholders. The WorldCom scandal is an example.

The trading of a public company's stock or other securities based on material, nonpublic information about the company. Famous cases include Martha Stewart and Raj Rajaratnam.

The illegal process of making large amounts of money generated by a criminal activity appear to have come from a legitimate source. The case of the Banco Ambrosiano is an example.

Stealing trade secrets or confidential information about a company's products, services, or business practices. Cases such as Ford vs. General Motors have taken place.

The theft or misappropriation of valuable business information that is not generally known and is subject to efforts to keep it secret. The case involving Waymo vs. Uber is a significant example.

The making or adapting objects or documents with the intent to deceive. This includes forging money, signatures, and documents. The case of Frank Abagnale is well-known.

Crimes conducted via the internet or some other computer network. Examples include hacking, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, and ransomware. The WannaCry ransomware attack is an example.

The unauthorized use of a credit card to obtain goods, services, or funds. Case examples include skimming operations at ATMs and gas stations.

A form of negotiated bribery in which a commission is paid to the bribe-taker as a quid pro quo for services rendered. Commonly involves contractors and government officials.

The use of powers by government officials or their network contacts for illegitimate private gain. An example of this is the Watergate scandal.

A fraudulent selling practice where the scammer uses the telephone to solicit customers and to obtain their personal financial information. One notable case was that of Access Resource Services, Inc.

A type of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Examples include the Bernie Madoff scandal.

The illegal evasion of taxes by individuals, corporations, and trusts. Notable cases include Al Capone and the Panama Papers.

Organized criminal activity in which criminals offer a service that's otherwise unnecessary. Infamous cases include Al Capone's prohibition era criminal enterprise.

The production of imitation items to be passed off fraudulently as genuine. Counterfeit currency and designer goods are common examples.

The act of falsifying information or making omissions on bankruptcy filings. It often involves concealing assets to avoid having to forfeit them. Notable bankruptcy fraud cases include that of Lenny Dykstra.

Deceptive practice in the stock or commodities markets that induces investors to make purchase or sale decisions on the basis of false information. The Enron scandal is a well-known example.