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Elder Law Case Studies
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Fisher v. University of Texas (2016)
Case Summary: While not specific to elder law, this affirmative action case may have implications in ensuring diversity in age and addressing age-related discrimination in higher education and employment. Precedent Set: Affirmed the permissibility of using race as a factor in the holistic review of applicants in university admissions.
Harris v. Manor Healthcare Corporation (1986)
Case Summary: Handled a dispute over the reimbursement method for services provided to Medicare patients in nursing homes. Precedent Set: Affirmed legal principles governing Medicare reimbursements.
Estate of Zimmerman v. Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority (2007)
Case Summary: Dealt with the question of public authority liability in the death of an elderly passenger due to a fall. Precedent Set: Clarified the legal responsibility of transportation authorities to elderly passengers.
Johnson v. St. Clare's Hospital & Health Center (1988)
Case Summary: Dealt with the issue of informed consent and an elderly patient's right to refuse medical treatment. Precedent Set: Strengthens the autonomy of elderly patients regarding treatment decisions.
Strawser v. Atkins (2015)
Case Summary: The case includes important implications for elder law, especially in the recognition of same-sex marriage and its impact on social security and retirement benefits. Precedent Set: Alabama must recognize same-sex marriages, thus expanding social security and retirement benefits to same-sex elderly couples.
Phillip v. Berger (1986)
Case Summary: Resolved a conflict concerning the enforcement of prenuptial agreements and the rights of elderly spouses. Precedent Set: Clarified the enforceability of prenuptial agreements in regards to elderly couples.
Smith v. City of Jackson (2005)
Case Summary: Addressed age discrimination in employment and whether employment policies that disproportionately affected older workers were discriminatory. Precedent Set: Upheld that certain employment practices that impact older workers could violate the Age Discrimination in Employment Act.
In re Estate of Gardiner (2002)
Case Summary: Involved a dispute over the legal recognition of a transgender individual's marriage to an elderly man and its implications for inheritance rights. Precedent Set: Had a broader impact on the rights of transgender individuals and their spouses, especially in terms of inheritance and elder law.
O'Bannon v. Town Court Nursing Center (1985)
Case Summary: In this case, the U.S. Supreme Court addressed the right of nursing home residents to administrative hearings before the termination of federal funding for their care. Precedent Set: Established that patients do not have a direct right to challenge the termination of a Medicare or Medicaid provider agreement.
Amos v. Aspen Alps 123, LLC (2003)
Case Summary: The case revolved around the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and whether accommodations were necessary for an elderly disabled plaintiff. Precedent Set: Affirmed strict compliance requirements with the ADA for businesses and housing providers.
Estate of Cooper v. United States (1999)
Case Summary: Concerned the wrongful death of an elderly woman due to a federally funded clinic's negligence. Precedent Set: Influenced federal tort claims acts and the liability of federal healthcare providers in cases of negligence.
Atkins v. Riverwood Retirement Management (2011)
Case Summary: Involved an elderly woman's injury within a retirement community and the community's liability and duty of care. Precedent Set: Set a precedent for the level of care and duty owed by retirement communities to their residents.
Barber v. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (1985)
Case Summary: Explored the issues of federal employment benefits and discrimination based on age. Precedent Set: Defined aspects of age discrimination within federal employment and related benefits.
Gaines v. K-Five Construction Corporation (2013)
Case Summary: The case addressed whether a nursing home could be held liable for the injuries of an elderly resident caused by third parties not affiliated with the home. Precedent Set: Determined limits of liability for nursing homes in incidents involving outside parties.
Tate v. Canonica (1960)
Case Summary: Revolved around the capacity of an elderly individual to enter into a contract, particularly addressing issues of undue influence and mental competence. Precedent Set: Set a precedent regarding the protection of the elderly from undue influence when entering contracts.
Hinds v. General Motors Corporation (1987)
Case Summary: Pertained to age discrimination and the burden of proof required for plaintiffs to show they were discriminated against due to age. Precedent Set: Influenced the standards for proving age discrimination in the workplace.
Vance v. Ball State University (2013)
Case Summary: Considered the legal definition of a 'supervisor' in a workplace harassment claim, with implications for elder law in terms of creating supportive work environments for older workers. Precedent Set: Limited the definition of 'supervisor' in discrimination cases, impacting the liability of employers.
Granny v. Atria Senior Living (2015)
Case Summary: A lawsuit filed by a group of senior citizens against a senior living facility, alleging violation of tenants' rights and breach of contract. Precedent Set: This case reinforced the contractual rights of seniors living in such facilities and set standards for senior living operations.
Estate of Robbins v. Cheboygan County (1991)
Case Summary: Examined an elderly individual's rights to land ownership and the complications that can arise with governmental claims on property for public use. Precedent Set: Addressed eminent domain and the protections landowners, particularly elders, have against government expropriation.
Coburn v. Agostini (2007)
Case Summary: Concerned a lawsuit filed by a group of elderly residents against their nursing home for violations of the Nursing Home Reform Act. Precedent Set: Reinforced the rights of residents to a safe and adequate level of care, as outlined by federal guidelines.
Benson v. Sei Ashina (2009)
Case Summary: This case tackled the issues regarding the proper execution of wills and how mistakes can affect the distribution of an elderly person's estate. Precedent Set: Emphasized the importance of correctly executing a will and the consequences of not doing so.
Holman v. Altana Pharma US, Inc. (2010)
Case Summary: Focused on the off-label use of medication in nursing facilities and the responsibility of pharmaceutical companies in ensuring safety. Precedent Set: Stressed on pharmaceutical companies' liability for damages resulting from off-label medication use in elderly care.
Kramer v. Union Free School District (1969)
Case Summary: Although related to voting rights, the case has relevance in elder law as it pertains to the rights of individuals in government decision-making that might affect elderly populations, such as policies for healthcare or senior services. Precedent Set: Addressed the standards for determining which residents have a right to vote in local school district elections.
Bostick v. Flex Equipment Co., Inc. (2002)
Case Summary: The case involved an elderly employee's claim regarding age discrimination and wrongful termination under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA). Precedent Set: Clarified employer obligations and the rights of elderly employees under ADEA.
Clark v. Jeter (1988)
Case Summary: Addressed the constitutional requirement of statutes of limitations providing sufficient time to bring paternity suits, has implications for elder law due to potential for late-in-life paternity claims affecting estates and inheritance. Precedent Set: Found that a two-year statute of limitations on paternity actions was unconstitutional.
Sullivan v. Stroop (1990)
Case Summary: Dealt with Social Security Act provisions and defined which adoption assistance payments count as income, which bears significance for elder law due to the broader implications on Social Security benefits. Precedent Set: Clarified which state assistance payments do not constitute income under the Social Security Act.
Mitchell v. Clayton (1993)
Case Summary: Focused on the testamentary capacity of the elderly and addressed disputes over the validity of wills and estates. Precedent Set: Raised standards for assessing testamentary capacity in elderly individuals.
Perkins v. Arkansas Trucking Services, Inc. (2001)
Case Summary: Dealt with claims under the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) regarding the rights of elderly workers to benefits and pension plans. Precedent Set: Provided clarity on ERISA regulations and the rights of elderly employees to retirement benefits and protections.
Hardy v. Beyer (1991)
Case Summary: Addressed the rights of the elderly in the context of state-provided home care and the due process required for termination of such services. Precedent Set: Ensured due process rights for the elderly receiving state home care services.
Estate of Jones v. C.I.R. (1981)
Case Summary: Addressed the federal estate tax implications of property transferred between spouses, particularly relevant in the context of elder law. Precedent Set: Clarified how property transferred between spouses can impact the calculation of federal estate taxes.
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