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A manufacturer fails to exercise reasonable care in the design, production, or warning of their product resulting in harm. An example is a car manufacturer that does not test brake systems adequately, leading to accidents.

Manufacturers are responsible for damages caused by defects in their products, regardless of negligence. For example, if a bicycle wheel fails due to improper construction, the manufacturer is liable for the resulting accident.

A flaw that occurs during the construction or production of the item, diverging from the design. For example, a batch of medicine contaminated with a toxic substance during production.

Holds all firms in an industry responsible when there is joint control and adequate deterrence is necessary. An example can be industries that produce inherently dangerous products, like explosives.

Occurs when a product does not meet specified standards set by express or implied warranties, leading to injury. For instance, a waterproof watch that leaks under water causing skin irritation breaches its implied warranty of merchantability.

Intrinsic flaw in a product's design making it inherently unsafe. An example is a chair designed with insufficient support, causing it to collapse under normal use.

Reduces the plaintiff's damages award by the percentage of fault attributed to them. For example, if a user misuses a power tool in a way that contributes to their injury, their compensation may be reduced proportionally.

Assesses whether the risks of a product design outweigh the utility to the user and public. Example: A saw without a safety guard may be deemed too risky compared to its utility.

Assigns liability among all manufacturers proportionally to their share of the market when the exact source of a harmful product is unknown. For instance, multiple manufacturers of a harmful drug may share liability based on their market presence.

A company that acquires another is liable for the predecessor's product liabilities. For example, if Company A acquires Company B, Company A could be liable for injuries caused by Company B's products.

Occurs when a product lacks adequate instructions or warnings about its use, leading to injury. An example is a powerful cleaning chemical sold without proper use instructions, resulting in chemical burns.