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Sarcasm is the use of irony to mock or convey contempt, often displayed through a tone of voice. Example: 'Nice weather we're having,' said during a storm.

Burlesque is a form of satire that mocks by imitating in an exaggerated, grotesque manner. Example: A literal 'roast' where someone is humorously insulted before an audience, much like a comedic impersonation with overblown flaws.

Reversal involves presenting the opposite of the normal order of things. Example: Portraying a child as the parent and the parent as the child to criticize parental irresponsibility.

Pastiche copies the style or character of different authors or works, typically with respect, to create a new narrative. Example: 'Pride and Prejudice and Zombies' is a pastiche combining Jane Austen's classic with elements of zombie fiction.

Malapropism is the mistaken use of a word in place of a similar-sounding one, often with an unintentionally amusing effect. Example: Saying 'He’s the pineapple of politeness,' instead of 'pinnacle.'

Incongruity places together elements that are not normally associated with each other, creating a ridiculous effect. Example: A knight in shining armor at a modern office.

Caricature distorts or exaggerates certain traits of a person or subject to create a silly or absurd representation. Example: A political cartoon exaggerating a politician’s distinctive features.

A paradox is a statement that contradicts itself or defies logic or common sense but often contains a latent truth. Example: 'I must be cruel to be kind,' from Hamlet.

Understatement is the presentation of something as being smaller or less important than it actually is to draw attention to its true significance. Example: Referring to a catastrophic event as 'a slight problem'.

Parody mimics the style and content of a particular genre, work, or author, exaggerating it comically to point out flaws. Example: 'Saturday Night Live' sketches that imitate politicians or celebrities.

Satirical simile is a comparison using 'like' or 'as' to highlight absurdity in a situation or characteristic. Example: 'He was as subtle as a clown at a funeral.'

Double entendre is a phrase or figure of speech that could have two meanings or that could be understood in two different ways. Example: 'Marriage is a fine institution, but who wants to live in an institution?'

Mock heroic treats a trivial or mundane subject with the elaborate, grand language or style suggestive of the epic genre. Example: Writing about the struggle of opening a jar of pickles as if it were an epic battle.

Irony is when the expected outcome is replaced with its opposite, highlighting a contrast between appearances and reality. Example: A fire station burns down.