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Function Composition

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Non-Commutative Nature of Composition

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In general, function composition is not commutative, which means that (fg)(x)(gf)(x)(f \circ g)(x) \neq (g \circ f)(x).

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Composition With Bijective Functions

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If f:ABf: A \rightarrow B and g:BCg: B \rightarrow C are both bijective, then the composition (fg):AC(f \circ g): A \rightarrow C is also bijective.

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Effects of Composition on Range

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The range of the composition (fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x) is determined by the values that f(g(x))f(g(x)) can take, which depends on the range of gg and the function ff.

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Composition of Inverses

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If ff and gg are inverse functions, then fg=idxf \circ g = id_x and gf=idyg \circ f = id_y, where idxid_x and idyid_y are identity functions on respective sets.

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Identity Function

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The identity function, denoted as idxid_x, is a function that always returns its input: idx(x)=xid_x(x) = x.

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(fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x)

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The composition of two functions, where you apply one function to the result of another function.

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Domain of the Composition

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The domain of the composition (fg)(x)(f \circ g)(x) is the set of all values xx in the domain of gg such that g(x)g(x) is in the domain of ff.

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Associative Property of Function Composition

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Function composition is associative, meaning that (f(gh))(x)=((fg)h)(x)(f \circ (g \circ h))(x) = ((f \circ g) \circ h)(x).

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