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A scalar value that is a function of a square matrix representing the volumetric scaling factor when the matrix is viewed as a transformation.

A matrix obtained by switching the rows and columns of the original matrix.

A matrix that is equal to its transpose.

A matrix that leaves the object unchanged when applied.

A non-linear transformation matrix that moves every point by a fixed distance in a given direction.

The sum of elements on the main diagonal of a square matrix.

A square matrix with columns and rows that are orthonormal vectors.

A matrix that does not have an inverse.

A matrix that is partitioned into several smaller matrices or blocks.

A matrix that mirrors points across a specified axis.

A matrix where all off-diagonal elements are zero.

A scalar and a non-zero vector associated with a matrix such that when the matrix is multiplied by the vector, the result is a scalar multiple of that vector.

A matrix that rotates points in the plane around the origin.

A matrix that distorts the shape of an object such that its top and bottom faces slide over one another.

The maximum number of linearly independent column vectors in a matrix.

A square matrix whose columns and rows are orthogonal unit vectors.

A matrix that has an inverse, such that when multiplied by its inverse, it results in the identity matrix.

A matrix that projects a space onto a subspace, typically used to represent shadows or render 3D graphics on 2D screens.

A matrix that enlarges or diminishes objects, scaling them by a factor.