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Counting Principles

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How many different 4-letter passwords can be created using the letters A, B, C, D with repetition allowed?

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There are 44=2564^4 = 256 different 4-letter passwords.

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How many different arrangements are there of the word 'MATHEMATICS'?

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rac{11!}{2!2!2!} = 4,989,600 different arrangements.

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How many 10-digit telephone numbers can be formed if the first digit cannot be 0 or 1?

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8imes1098 imes 10^9 different telephone numbers can be formed.

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For a 3-question multiple-choice test where each question has 4 options, how many different ways can a student answer the test?

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43=644^3 = 64 different ways to answer the test.

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If a committee of 4 must be selected from 12 candidates, how many ways can this be done?

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C(12, 4) = rac{12!}{4!(12 - 4)!} = 495 ways.

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How many 6-digit numbers can be formed with the digits 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 if no digit can be used more than once?

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P(6,6)=6!=720P(6, 6) = 6! = 720 different 6-digit numbers.

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How many ways can you arrange the letters in the word 'COUNT'?

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There are 5! = 120 ways to arrange the letters in the word 'COUNT'.

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How many ways can you choose 2 appetizers, 3 main courses, and 1 dessert from a menu with 6 appetizers, 8 main courses, and 4 desserts?

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C(6,2)imesC(8,3)imesC(4,1)=15imes56imes4=3,360C(6, 2) imes C(8, 3) imes C(4, 1) = 15 imes 56 imes 4 = 3,360 ways.

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How many ways can you distribute 5 distinct toys to 4 children if each child can receive no toys or as many as all the toys?

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45=1,0244^5 = 1,024 ways to distribute the toys.

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A PIN consists of 4 digits followed by 2 letters. How many different PINs can be formed?

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104imes262=6,760,00010^4 imes 26^2 = 6,760,000 different PINs can be formed.

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How many three-letter words, with or without meaning, can be formed from the English alphabet when repetition of letters is allowed?

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263=17,57626^3 = 17,576 different words can be formed.

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A lock combination uses 3 numbers, each from 0 to 9. How many possible lock combinations are there if numbers can be repeated?

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103=1,00010^3 = 1,000 possible lock combinations.

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If there are 15 teams in a tournament, how many games must be played so that each team plays every other team exactly once?

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C(15, 2) = rac{15!}{2!(15 - 2)!} = 105 games must be played.

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In how many different ways can a president, vice-president, and treasurer be elected from a club of 10 people?

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P(10, 3) = rac{10!}{(10 - 3)!} = 720 different ways.

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You have 3 pants and 5 shirts. How many different outfits consisting of 1 pant and 1 shirt can you wear?

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You can have 15 different outfits.

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In a race with 8 runners where there are no ties, in how many different ways can first, second, and third place be awarded?

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P(8, 3) = rac{8!}{(8 - 3)!} = 336 different ways.

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How many unique ways can the letters of the word 'LEVEL' be arranged?

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rac{5!}{2!2!} = 30 unique ways.

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How many unique ways can 5 paintings be lined up on a wall?

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There are 5!=1205! = 120 unique ways to arrange the paintings.

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A restaurant offers 4 starters, 5 main courses, and 3 desserts. How many different meals consisting of one starter, one main course, and one dessert are there?

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There are 4imes5imes3=604 imes 5 imes 3 = 60 different meal combinations.

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How many 5-card hands can be dealt from a standard 52-card deck?

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There are C(52, 5) = rac{52!}{5! (52 - 5)!} = 2,598,960 possible 5-card hands.

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