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Composer: Giacomo Puccini Characteristics: Contains emotionally charged arias and duets, reveals the struggles of impoverished artists, and provides a slice of life narrative.

Composer: Umberto Giordano Characteristics: Marked by passionate love themes, a plot driven by revenge and political intrigue, and colorful orchestral writing.

Composer: Giacomo Puccini Characteristics: Part of 'Il Trittico', this one-act opera uses a convent setting to explore themes of repentance and redemption, and contrasts emotional extremes.

Composer: Umberto Giordano Characteristics: Set during the French Revolution, examines historical/political realism, with passionate and expressive music.

Composer: Giacomo Puccini Characteristics: This comedic opera from 'Il Trittico' is based on an episode from Dante's Inferno, showcasing a blend of humor and wit, while still rooted in the Verismo tradition.

Composer: Giacomo Puccini Characteristics: Part of the 'Il Trittico' trio, it portrays gritty scenes, has a focus on marital infidelity and jealousy, and features dramatic, direct musical language.

Composer: Umberto Giordano Characteristics: Evokes the desolation of Siberian exile, reflects on the human cost of the penal system, and has a dramatic, emotive score.

Composer: Francesco Cilea Characteristics: Known for its melodic richness and lush orchestration, it centers around the life and love of a famous actress, and weaves a tangled web of romance and jealousy.

Composer: Ruggero Leoncavallo Characteristics: Intertwines a tragic narrative with a dramatic theatrical performance, driven by strong emotions and fatalistic themes.

Composer: Umberto Giordano Characteristics: Focuses on social realism, with characters from the lower socioeconomic class, and has a plot dealing with issues such as prostitution and terminal illness.

Composer: Francesco Cilea Characteristics: Emphasizes rustic elements and pastoral themes, the opera revolves around a provincial love triangle, and it includes both dramatic and lyrical passages.

Composer: Giacomo Puccini Characteristics: Deals with the moral decay of the central characters, focuses on realistic interpersonal relationships, and has an exotic final act set in Louisiana.

Composer: Pietro Mascagni Characteristics: Features exotic settings and lush orchestration, explores themes of innocence and betrayal, and it includes an innovative use of a rising sun as a musical and thematic device.

Composer: Alfredo Catalani Characteristics: Noted for its challenging vocal parts and dramatic, scenic descriptions, it tells the story of a strong-willed heroine, set in a rural Alpine village.

Composer: Pietro Mascagni Characteristics: Realistic portrayal of everyday life, emotional intensity, and rustic setting.

Composer: Giacomo Puccini Characteristics: Features a strong, independent female protagonist, set in the rugged scenery of the American West, and includes rich orchestral textures.

Composer: Pietro Mascagni Characteristics: Features bucolic themes, focuses on pastoral life and romance, differs from typical Verismo with its lighter, more optimistic plot.

Composer: Ruggero Leoncavallo Characteristics: Depicts lower-class characters, explores themes of love and betrayal, and includes a play-within-a-play structure.

Composer: Pietro Mascagni Characteristics: Displays emotional intensity and pathos, tells the tragic story of an innocent village girl, and utilizes impressionistic musical influences.