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While doping cases are being adjudicated, confidentiality is often maintained to protect the rights of the accused.

The sample must be secured and tracked from collection to analysis to ensure integrity.

Trained professionals responsible for the collection of doping samples from athletes.

Drug tests can occur without warning outside of events to deter year-round doping.

Athletes have the right to a representative and an interpreter during the testing process.

An AAF is reported when a prohibited substance or method is identified in a sample.

Athletes have the right to appeal doping violations and sanctions.

Stored samples can be retested with new technology as anti-doping science advances.

Athletes' personal data collected during testing must be handled in accordance with privacy laws and regulations.

A longitudinal profile of an athlete's biomarkers of doping and doping-related effects.

Athletes can apply for TUEs to take necessary medications that are on the prohibited list for medical reasons.

Standardized protocols must be followed during drug testing to ensure fairness and accuracy.

Athletes must disclose any banned substances they have taken when asked during doping control.

Athletes and organizations must comply with the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Code.

Consequences for doping violations can include disqualification, loss of results, and bans from sport.

Educating athletes on the rules and risks of doping is a crucial aspect of prevention.

The process of collecting biological samples must respect athlete's dignity and privacy.

WADA publishes a list of substances and methods that are prohibited in and out of competition.

Laboratories conducting drug tests must adhere to strict scientific and technical guidelines.