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South American Geography

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Pampas

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The Pampas are fertile South American lowlands that cover over 750,000 km2 and include the Argentine provinces of Buenos Aires, La Pampa, Santa Fe, Entre Ríos, and Córdoba.

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Galápagos Islands

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The Galápagos Islands are an archipelago of volcanic islands situated in the Pacific Ocean, known for their unique and diverse wildlife.

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Iguazu Falls

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Located on the border of Argentina and Brazil, Iguazu Falls is one of the largest and most impressive waterfall systems in the world.

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Strait of Magellan

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The Strait of Magellan is a navigable sea route in southern Chile separating mainland South America to the north and Tierra del Fuego to the south.

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Salar de Uyuni

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Salar de Uyuni in Bolivia is the world's largest salt flat, formed by the transformations of prehistoric lakes.

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Ushuaia

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Ushuaia is the capital city of Tierra del Fuego, Argentina, often regarded as the southernmost city in the world.

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Cape Horn

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Cape Horn is the southernmost headland of the Tierra del Fuego archipelago of southern Chile and is known for its challenging maritime conditions.

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Bogotá

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Bogotá is the capital and largest city of Colombia, located in the center of the country on a high plateau.

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Machu Picchu

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Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel located in the Eastern Cordillera of southern Peru on a 2,430-meter mountain ridge.

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Falkland Islands

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The Falkland Islands are a British Overseas Territory in the South Atlantic Ocean with unique biodiversity and a 1982 conflict history.

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Tierra del Fuego

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Tierra del Fuego is an archipelago off the southernmost tip of the South American mainland, across the Strait of Magellan.

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Guiana Highlands

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The Guiana Highlands are a mountain range in northeast South America, famous for their tepuis and unique ecosystems.

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Nasca Lines

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The Nasca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs in the Nasca Desert, in southern Peru.

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Easter Island

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Easter Island, known as Rapa Nui to its earliest inhabitants, is a Chilean territory famous for its 887 monumental statues, called moai, created by the early Rapanui people.

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Valdés Peninsula

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The Valdés Peninsula is an important nature reserve on the Argentine Atlantic coast, noted for its unique fauna and geology.

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Amazon Rainforest

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The Amazon Rainforest is the largest tropical rainforest in the world, and is critical for global biodiversity and climate regulation.

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Andes Mountains

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The Andes is the longest mountain range in the world and forms a continental divide.

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Atacama Desert

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The Atacama Desert is known as the driest place on Earth.

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Christ the Redeemer

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Christ the Redeemer is a towering statue of Jesus Christ located atop Mount Corcovado in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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Amazon River

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The Amazon River is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world.

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Angel Falls

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Angel Falls in Venezuela is the world's highest uninterrupted waterfall.

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Lake Titicaca

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Lake Titicaca is the highest navigable lake in the world, located at the border of Peru and Bolivia.

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Pantanal

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The Pantanal is the world's largest tropical wetland area located mostly in Brazil.

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Paraná River

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The Paraná River is the second longest river in South America, flowing through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina.

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Orinoco River

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The Orinoco River flows through Colombia and Venezuela and is one of the longest rivers in South America.

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Patagonia

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Patagonia is a region located at the southern end of South America, shared by Argentina and Chile, known for its breathtaking landscapes.

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Mount Aconcagua

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Mount Aconcagua is the highest mountain outside of Asia, with an elevation of 6,961 meters (22,838 feet), located in the Andes mountain range.

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Gran Chaco

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The Gran Chaco is a hot and semi-arid lowland region, divided among eastern Bolivia, Paraguay, northern Argentina, and a small part of Brazil.

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São Paulo

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São Paulo is the wealthiest and most populous city in Brazil, known for its cultural institutions and economic clout.

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Cotopaxi

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Cotopaxi is an active stratovolcano in the Andes Mountains, located in Ecuador, and is one of the highest active volcanoes in the world.

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Chimborazo

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Chimborazo is a currently inactive stratovolcano in the Andes of central Ecuador and is the furthest point on the Earth's surface from the Earth's center due to the equatorial bulge.

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Cordillera de la Costa

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The Cordillera de la Costa is a mountain range along the northern coast of Venezuela that originates close to the Colombian border.

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Monte Fitz Roy

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Monte Fitz Roy is a mountain located on the border between Argentina and Chile, known for its challenging climbs.

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Salto Ángel (Angel Falls)

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Angel Falls in Venezuela is the world's highest uninterrupted waterfall.

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Llanos

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The Llanos is a vast tropical grassland plain situated to the east of the Andes in Colombia and Venezuela.

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La Paz

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La Paz is the administrative capital of Bolivia, known for its unique location in a canyon and its elevation.

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El Tatio

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El Tatio is a geyser field located within the Andes Mountains of northern Chile, famous for its spectacular geothermal activity at sunrise.

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Tepuis

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Tepuis are flat-topped mountains found mostly in the Guiana Highlands of South America, particularly in Venezuela.

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