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Woodblock Printing

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Registration Marks

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Known as 'kento', these marks ensure that the paper is positioned correctly on the block for each color application in multi-color prints.

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Chuban, Oban, and Other Sizes

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These terms refer to the sizes of prints in traditional Japanese woodblock printing, with 'oban' being one of the most common sizes (about 10 x 15 inches).

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Materials Used

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Traditionally, woodblock printing uses a smooth block of wood, typically cherry, pear or maple, as well as ink, paper or fabric, and a baren for pressing.

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Multiple Blocks

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For multi-colored prints, separate blocks are carved for each color. The blocks are carefully matched using registration marks to ensure accuracy.

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Pigments and Inks

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Traditional woodblock printing uses inks made from natural pigments, which provide a distinct quality of color and are water-based for easier application and cleanup.

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Relief Printing Technique

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Woodblock printing is a relief printing process where the ink is applied to the raised surfaces while the non-printing areas are carved away below the surface.

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Baren

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A baren is a round, flat tool used to rub the back of the paper or fabric to help press it against the inked wood block and ensure a good transfer of the image.

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Washi Paper

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A type of Japanese paper made from fibers such as mulberry. It is preferred for woodblock printing due to its strength, absorbency, and ability to register fine detail.

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Types of Wood

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Different types of wood offer varying qualities to prints. Woods like cherry provide fine grain and are less prone to warping, making them ideal for woodblock printing.

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Carving Process

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Artisans first sketch a design onto the wood block and then use tools like gouges and knives to carve away the negative space, leaving the design raised.

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Editioning Prints

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Creating multiple copies of the same print. The edition size can affect the value of the prints, with smaller editions generally being more valuable.

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Ukiyo-e

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A genre of woodblock prints that flourished in Japan from the 17th through the 19th centuries, Ukiyo-e focused on subjects such as female beauties, kabuki actors, and landscapes.

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Printing Process

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Ink is applied to the raised surfaces of the wood block. Paper or fabric is then placed over the block and rubbed with a baren to transfer the inked design.

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Environmental Impact

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Woodblock printing is considered environmentally friendly compared to other techniques, as it uses water-based inks, renewable wood, and can be done without electricity.

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History of Woodblock Printing

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Woodblock printing is one of the earliest forms of printing dating back to 9th-century China. It spread to Europe and became a common method for producing texts and images.

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