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The Earth's Moon

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Tycho Crater

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A prominent lunar impact crater known for its bright ray system that stretches across the Moon, aiding in determining the age of regions by ray visibility.

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Sinus Iridum (Bay of Rainbows)

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A plain formed from lava filling an impact basin, surrounded by a mountainous ring. Its geological formations provide a record of volcanism and basin formation.

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Copernicus Crater

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A prominent crater with terraced walls and a central peak, helping scientists understand impact cratering processes on the lunar surface.

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Clavius Crater

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One of the largest crater formations on the Moon, containing smaller craters inside it, notable for stratigraphic studies of the lunar surface.

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Rupes Altai (Altai Scarp)

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An impressive lunar scarp stretching over 400 km. It marks the boundary of the Mare Nectaris and the highlands and is a result of tectonic activity.

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Lunar Apennines

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A mountain range on the Moon formed from the uplifted edges of the impact basin that created Mare Imbrium, valuable for understanding lunar topography.

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South Pole-Aitken Basin

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One of the largest and oldest impact structures on the Moon, its study offers insights into the lunar interior and the Moon's thermal history.

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Lunar Highlands

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Elevated areas rich in anorthosite, representing the ancient crust of the Moon. They exhibit numerous impact craters indicating their old age.

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Aristarchus Plateau

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An area noted for its geological complexity and volcanic activity, containing both the Aristarchus Crater and Schroter's Valley, a sinuous rille.

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Lunar Regolith

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The layer of loose, fragmented material over solid rock on the Moon, formed by constant meteoroid impacts and holding clues to the Moon's history.

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Mare Tranquillitatis (Sea of Tranquility)

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A vast, flat, dark-colored area filled with basaltic lava flows. It is notable for being the landing site of Apollo 11, where humans first walked on the Moon.

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Mare Imbrium (Sea of Rains)

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One of the largest lunar maria, formed by ancient volcanic activity. It contributes key information about the Moon's geological past.

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Schroter's Valley

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The largest sinuous rille on the Moon, indicative of volcanic activity and complex geological processes.

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Lunar Maria

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Dark basaltic plains on the Moon's surface, formed from ancient volcanic eruptions; their composition and distribution provide clues to the Moon's geological history.

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Mare Serenitatis (Sea of Serenity)

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A lunar mare filled with basalt formed from ancient lava flows, bordered by scarps and graben indicative of past tectonic activity.

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Mare Crisium (Sea of Crises)

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A lunar mare characterized by its round shape, isolated from other maria, and holding important clues to early volcanic activity on the Moon.

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Mare Humorum (Sea of Moisture)

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A smaller lunar mare with well-defined borders, giving insight into the Moon's crustal structure and the effects of lava flow.

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Taurus-Littrow Valley

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The landing site of Apollo 17, characterized by highlands and mare features and is of particular interest for studying lunar geologic processes.

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Lunar Domes

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Small, rounded, volcanic features on the Moon indicative of ancient shield volcanoes, which provide insights into volcanic processes.

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Central Peak Craters

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Craters with peaks formed from the rebound of the lunar surface post-impact. They offer clues about the Moon's internal structure and composition.

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Oceanus Procellarum (Ocean of Storms)

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The largest lunar mare, it is a geologically complex area that may be a giant impact basin filled with basalt and is important for understanding the Moon's volcanic history.

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Hadley Rille

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A sinuous rille near the Apollo 15 landing site, likely carved by ancient lava flows, which provides evidence of the Moon's volcanic past.

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Descartes Highlands

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A lunar region theorized to be volcanic in origin, consisting of hilly, rugged terrain; it was the Apollo 16 landing site.

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Farside Highlands

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The heavily cratered and mountainous area of the Moon's far side, holding important information on the impact history and crustal differences.

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Lunar Ray Systems

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Streaks extending from impact craters, composed of ejected materials; they provide information on the age and composition of lunar surface materials.

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