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Astronomy and Space Sciences

Planetary Science

Astronauts and Cosmonauts

Astronomical Units of Measure

Craters of the Moon

Galilean Moons of Jupiter

Key Concepts in Planetary Science

Lunar Exploration Missions

Planetary Science Acronyms

Types of Meteorites

Rockets and Launch Vehicles

Satellites of Earth

Spaceflight Milestones

The Layers of the Sun

Galilean Moons of Jupiter

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Discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Io is the most volcanically active body in the Solar System, with over 400 active volcanoes. Its surface is dotted with sulfur compounds which give it a colorful appearance.

Callisto

Discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Callisto's surface is heavily cratered and ancient, a visible record of many impacts over billions of years. It is the most distant of the four from Jupiter.

Europa

Discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Europa has a smooth and bright surface consisting mainly of water ice. It is believed to have a subsurface ocean, making it a key target for astrobiological studies.

Ganymede

Discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Ganymede is the largest moon in the Solar System and even bigger than the planet Mercury. It's the only moon known to have its own magnetosphere.

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