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Parallel Computer Architectures
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SIMD
Single Instruction stream, Multiple Data streams: Executes one instruction on multiple data points simultaneously.
Massively Parallel Processor (MPP)
A computer system with many independent processors working on different parts of a computation in parallel.
Grid Computing
A form of distributed computing where resources are not centralized and can be geographically dispersed.
Many Integrated Core (MIC)
A coprocessor containing a large number of simple, tightly coupled cores.
Superscalar Architecture
Processor design that allows for the execution of multiple instructions during a single clock cycle by providing multiple execution units.
MISD
Multiple Instruction streams, Single Data stream: Multiple instructions operate on the same data point.
SMP
Symmetric Multiprocessing: Multiple processors share a single, uniform memory address space.
MIMD
Multiple Instruction streams, Multiple Data streams: Different processors execute different instructions on different pieces of data.
Cluster Computing
A set of loosely or tightly connected computers that work together as a single system.
Very Long Instruction Word (VLIW)
Processors designed to take advantage of instruction-level parallelism by executing multiple operations in a single long instruction word.
SISD
Single Instruction stream, Single Data stream: Traditional sequential computer architecture.
NUMA
Non-Uniform Memory Access: Memory access time depends on the memory location relative to a processor.
Vector Processing
A type of computing where instructions operate on one-dimensional arrays of data, called vectors, rather than single data items.
Dataflow Architecture
Based on the concept of dataflow programming, where program instructions are only executed when the data is available, rather than in a sequential order.
Hyper-threading
Intel's proprietary simultaneous multithreading technology that allows a single physical processor core to behave like two logical processors to the operating system, allowing for better utilization of CPU resources.
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