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Parallel Sorting Algorithms

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Parallel Radix Sort

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Description: A non-comparative integer sorting algorithm that sorts data with integer keys by grouping keys by individual digits using threads. Best Case Time Complexity: O(k×np)O(k \times \frac{n}{p}) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(k×np)O(k \times \frac{n}{p}) Average Case Time Complexity: O(k×np)O(k \times \frac{n}{p}) where k is the maximum key length, and p is the number of processors.

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Parallel Bubble Sort

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Description: A parallel version of the bubble sort where the list is divided among processors which individually perform bubble sort, followed by parallel merging. Best Case Time Complexity: O(n/p)O(n/p) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(n2/p)O(n^2/p) Average Case Time Complexity: O(n2/p)O(n^2/p) where p is the number of processors.

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Parallel Sample Sort

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Description: An adaptation of quicksort that samples the array to choose better pivots to minimize the working set on each recursion. Best Case Time Complexity: O(log2(n))O(\log^2(n)) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(nlog(n))O(n \log(n)) Average Case Time Complexity: O(log2(n))O(\log^2(n))

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Parallel Counting Sort

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Description: A parallelized version of counting sort, where the count operation is performed in parallel to improve efficiency for large lists of integer keys. Best Case Time Complexity: O(n+k)O(n+k) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(n+k)O(n+k) Average Case Time Complexity: O(n+k)O(n+k) where k is the range of input values and assuming p processors each working on n/pn/p elements.

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Parallel Quick Sort

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Description: A parallel version of the quick sort algorithm where sections of the array are split up and sorted in parallel. Best Case Time Complexity: O(log(n)×np)O(\log(n) \times \frac{n}{p}) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(n2/p)O(n^2/p) Average Case Time Complexity: O(nlog(n)/p)O(n \log(n) / p) where p is the number of processors.

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Parallel Merge Sort

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Description: A parallel version of the classic merge sort algorithm which divides the array into subarrays to sort and merge in parallel. Best Case Time Complexity: O(log(n)×np)O(\log(n) \times \frac{n}{p}) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(log(n)×np)O(\log(n) \times \frac{n}{p}) Average Case Time Complexity: O(log(n)×np)O(\log(n) \times \frac{n}{p}) where p is the number of processors.

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Cubesort

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Description: A parallel sorting algorithm that builds a self-balancing multi-dimensional array from the keys to be sorted. Best Case Time Complexity: O(n/p)O(n/p) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(nlog(n))O(n \log(n)) Average Case Time Complexity: O(nlog(n))O(n \log(n)) where p is the number of processors.

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Parallel Shell Sort

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Description: A generalization of bubble sort and insertion sort, this algorithm allows the exchange of items that are far apart by sorting pairs determined by a gap sequence. Best Case Time Complexity: Depends on the gap sequence Worst Case Time Complexity: Depends on the gap sequence Average Case Time Complexity: Varies, often approximated as O(n(log(n))2)O(n (\log(n))^2)

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Parallel Heap Sort

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Description: It is a parallel version of the comparison-based heap sort which involves building a heap and then repeatedly removing the largest element from the heap. Best Case Time Complexity: O(nlog(n)/p)O(n \log(n) / p) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(nlog(n)/p)O(n \log(n) / p) Average Case Time Complexity: O(nlog(n)/p)O(n \log(n) / p) where p is the number of processors.

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Bitonic Sort

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Description: A comparison-based sorting algorithm for shared-memory parallel machines that performs a sequence of bitonic merges. Best Case Time Complexity: O(log2(n))O(\log^2(n)) Worst Case Time Complexity: O(log2(n))O(\log^2(n)) Average Case Time Complexity: O(log2(n))O(\log^2(n))

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