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Natural Dyes
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Logwood
Source: Heartwood of Haematoxylum campechianum. Characteristics: Produces purple and black dyes, sensitive to the pH of the dye bath affecting the final color.
Henna
Source: Lawsonia inermis plant. Characteristics: Produces a reddish-brown dye, often used for temporary body art as well as on textiles.
Cochineal
Source: Dactylopius coccus insects. Characteristics: Produces carmine dye, which is a strong and vibrant red, has excellent fastness properties.
Woad
Source: Isatis tinctoria plant. Characteristics: Contains the same active ingredient as indigo but in lower concentration, gives shades of blue.
Madder
Source: Roots of Rubia tinctorum. Characteristics: Gives red and pink hues, and is sensitive to pH changes which affects the color outcome.
Tannin
Source: Various plants, including oak galls and sumac leaves. Characteristics: Not directly a dye but used as a mordant to fix other dyes, imparts a light brown or beige to fabrics.
Safflower
Source: Carthamus tinctorius plant. Characteristics: Yields yellow and red dyes, with red dyes being soluble in water and yellow dyes in alkaline solutions.
Weld
Source: Reseda luteola plant. Characteristics: Known for its light and wash-fast yellow dye, considered one of the best sources of natural yellow.
Alkanet
Source: Roots of Alkanna tinctoria. Characteristics: Produces purple to navy blue hues, color is very light sensitive and can fade.
Cutch
Source: Acacia catechu heartwood. Characteristics: Results in colors from warm brown to deep cinnamon, often used in combination with other dyes to create complex colors.
Indigo
Source: Indigofera plant. Characteristics: Produces a range of blue hues, water-insoluble dye that requires a reduction process to dye fabrics.
Brazilwood
Source: Caesalpinia sappan tree. Characteristics: Known for red dye, historically important and was over-harvested.
Osage Orange
Source: Maclura pomifera tree. Characteristics: Yields a bright yellow-orange dye, high in tannin and light-fast.
Turmeric
Source: Curcuma longa plant. Characteristics: Provides a bright yellow color, but has low light and wash fastness, usually used for temporary dyeing.
Walnut
Source: Green husks of Juglans regia. Characteristics: Produces a brown dye that is light-fast and does not require a mordant.
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