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Medical Terminology Prefixes
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anti-
Meaning: against, opposing Example: antibiotic (against bacteria)
brady-
Meaning: slow Example: bradycardia (slow heart rate)
bio-
Meaning: life Example: biology (study of life)
endo-
Meaning: inner, inside Example: endoscope (a tool for visualizing the inside of a body cavity)
tachy-
Meaning: fast Example: tachycardia (fast heart rate)
thermo-
Meaning: heat Example: thermotherapy (treatment with heat)
veno-
Meaning: vein Example: venoclysis (infusion of fluid into a vein)
reno-
Meaning: kidney Example: renal (pertaining to the kidney)
a-, an-
Meaning: without, absence of Example: apnea (absence of breathing)
hemi-
Meaning: half Example: hemiplegia (paralysis of one side of the body)
nephro-
Meaning: kidney Example: nephrology (study of kidney function)
macro-
Meaning: large Example: macromolecule (a large molecule)
vertebro-
Meaning: vertebra Example: vertebroplasty (surgical repair of vertebrae)
xeno-
Meaning: foreign Example: xenograft (tissue graft from a different species)
ot-
Meaning: ear Example: otoscope (device for examining the ear)
intra-
Meaning: within, inside Example: intravenous (within a vein)
necro-
Meaning: death Example: necrosis (death of tissue)
neuro-
Meaning: nerve Example: neurology (study of the nervous system)
cardio-
Meaning: heart Example: cardiologist (heart specialist)
mast-
Meaning: breast Example: mastectomy (surgical removal of a breast)
supra-
Meaning: above Example: supraorbital (above the eye socket)
arthro-
Meaning: joint Example: arthroscopy (a procedure to look at joint spaces)
epi-
Meaning: upon, on top of Example: epidermis (outer skin layer)
peri-
Meaning: around Example: pericardium (membrane around the heart)
psycho-
Meaning: mind Example: psychology (study of the mind and behavior)
cephalo-
Meaning: head Example: cephalic (pertaining to the head)
hyper-
Meaning: over, above normal Example: hypertension (high blood pressure)
neo-
Meaning: new Example: neoplasm (new growth or tumor)
phlebo-
Meaning: vein Example: phlebotomy (incision into a vein)
rhino-
Meaning: nose Example: rhinoplasty (surgical repair of the nose)
vaso-
Meaning: vessel Example: vasodilation (widening of blood vessels)
dermato-
Meaning: skin Example: dermatologist (skin doctor)
gastro-
Meaning: stomach Example: gastroenterologist (digestive system specialist)
leuko-
Meaning: white Example: leukocyte (white blood cell)
hepato-
Meaning: liver Example: hepatology (study of the liver)
osteo-
Meaning: bone Example: osteoporosis (condition of porous bones)
micro-
Meaning: small Example: microscope (an instrument for viewing small objects)
patho-
Meaning: disease Example: pathology (study of diseases)
hyster-
Meaning: uterus Example: hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus)
sub-
Meaning: under, below Example: subcutaneous (below the skin)
cyto-
Meaning: cell Example: cytology (study of cells)
mal-
Meaning: bad, poor Example: malnutrition (poor nutrition)
ot-
Meaning: ear Example: otoscope (device for examining the ear)
hypo-
Meaning: under, below normal Example: hypoglycemia (low blood sugar)
inter-
Meaning: between Example: intervertebral (between the vertebrae)
myo-
Meaning: muscle Example: myopathy (muscle disease)
pneumo-
Meaning: lung, air Example: pneumonia (lung infection)
trans-
Meaning: across, through Example: transdermal (through the skin)
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