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Graph Theory Types of Graphs

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Simple Graph

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An undirected graph with no loops (edges connected at both ends to the same vertex) and no more than one edge between any two vertices.

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Undirected Graph

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A graph in which edges have no direction. Each edge is an unordered pair of vertices.

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Bipartite Graph

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A graph whose vertices can be divided into two disjoint sets UU and VV such that every edge connects a vertex in UU to one in VV. There are no edges between vertices of the same set.

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Cyclic Graph

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A graph that contains at least one graph cycle. A cycle is a path of edges and vertices wherein a vertex is reachable from itself.

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Directed Graph (Digraph)

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A graph where the edges have a direction associated with them. Each edge is an ordered pair of vertices.

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Acyclic Graph

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A graph with no cycles. If directed, it is known as a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG).

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Multigraph

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A graph which may have multiple edges (also called parallel edges) between two nodes. These edges could be both directed and undirected.

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Connected Graph

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An undirected graph in which there exists a path between every pair of vertices.

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Complete Graph

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A simple graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a unique edge.

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Weighted Graph

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A graph with numbers (weights) assigned to its edges. These weights represent cost, distance, or any other quantifiable metric.

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