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Options Trading Essentials

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Rho

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A measure of the sensitivity of an option's price to a 1% change in interest rates.

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Expiry Date

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The date on which the option expires and is no longer valid. The option must be exercised on or before this date, or it will expire worthless.

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Naked Option

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Writing an option without owning the underlying asset, exposing the writer to substantial risk.

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Strangle

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An options strategy where the investor holds a position in both a call and a put with different strike prices but with the same expiration date.

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Out of the Money (OTM)

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Pertains to an option that has no intrinsic value - a call option with a strike price above the current stock price or a put option with a strike price below the stock price.

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European Option

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An option that can only be exercised at the expiration date, not before.

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In the Money (ITM)

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Describes an option with an intrinsic value - a call option with a strike price below the current stock price or a put option with a strike price above the current stock price.

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American Option

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A style of option that can be exercised at any time before it expires.

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Option Greeks

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Quantitative measures that describe the risks associated with options, including Delta, Gamma, Theta, Vega, and Rho.

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Straddle

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An options strategy involving the simultaneous purchase of a put and call option with the same strike price and expiration date, aiming to profit from a large move in the underlying asset's price.

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Butterfly Spread

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An options strategy using multiple option contracts with different strike prices, but with the same expiration date. Typically involves buying an ITM and an OTM option, while selling two ATM options.

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Rolling an Option

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The process of closing the initial option position and entering a new position with a different strike price or expiration date.

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Call Option

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A financial contract that gives the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to buy a stock, bond, commodity, or other instrument at a specified price within a specific time period.

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Delta

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A measure of an option's price sensitivity to a 1changeinthepriceoftheunderlyingasset.Forcalloptions,deltarangesfrom0to1;forputoptions,itrangesfrom0to1.1 change in the price of the underlying asset. For call options, delta ranges from 0 to 1; for put options, it ranges from 0 to -1.

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Put Option

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A put option is a contract that gives the owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell a specified amount of an underlying security at a set price within a specified time.

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Strike Price

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The price at which the buyer of the option is entitled to buy or sell the underlying security or commodity when the option is exercised.

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Option Premium

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The amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller to acquire the rights that the option confers.

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At the Money (ATM)

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Refers to an option where the strike price is equal to the current price of the underlying security.

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Implied Volatility

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A measure of how much the market expects the price of a security to fluctuate, reflected in the option's premium.

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Gamma

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The rate of change of an option's delta in response to a 1changeinthepriceoftheunderlyingasset.Itindicatestheconvexityoftheoptionsvalueinrelationtotheunderlying.1 change in the price of the underlying asset. It indicates the convexity of the option's value in relation to the underlying.

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Protective Put

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An investment strategy where an investor buys put options for an asset that they own to hedge against a decline in the asset's price.

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Covered Call

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An options strategy where an investor holds a long position in an asset and sells call options on the same asset to generate income.

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Theta

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A measure of the sensitivity of the option's price to the passage of time, also known as the time decay of the option.

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Vega

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A measure of an option's price sensitivity to changes in the volatility of the underlying asset. Vega indicates how much an option's price will change with a 1% change in implied volatility.

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Iron Condor

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A market-neutral strategy in options trading that involves two vertical spreads (a put spread and a call spread) with the same expiration date but four different strike prices.

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