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Homeomorphism Invariants

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Path-Connectedness

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Path-connectedness is an invariant of homeomorphisms; homeomorphic spaces are either both path-connected or not.

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Metrical Properties

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While homeomorphisms preserve topological properties, they do not necessarily preserve metrical properties like distances and angles.

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Orientability

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The property of being orientable is maintained under homeomorphism.

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Genus

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The genus, or the number of 'holes' in a space, is an invariant under homeomorphism.

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Hausdorff Property

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Homeomorphism only occurs between spaces that are either both Hausdorff or both non-Hausdorff.

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Connectedness

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Homeomorphism preserves the property of connectedness; if one space is connected, so must the other be.

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Local Properties

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Local topological properties like being locally Euclidean or having a local product structure are preserved by homeomorphisms.

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Betti Numbers

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Betti numbers, which indicate the maximum number of cuts that a space can have without becoming disconnected, are homeomorphism invariants.

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Homotopy Groups

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Homeomorphisms induce isomorphisms on homotopy groups, thereby preserving the homotopy type.

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Topology of Embeddings

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The embedding of a topological space into another is preserved under homeomorphism.

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Compactness

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A compact space is homeomorphic only to other compact spaces.

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Continuity of Functions

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The continuity of functions between spaces is preserved by homeomorphisms.

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Dimension

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Homeomorphic spaces must have the same topological dimension.

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Boundary

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Homeomorphism maps boundary points of one space to boundary points of the other space. Thus, the boundary structure is preserved.

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Cardinality of Points

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Homeomorphic spaces have the same cardinality of points (i.e., they have the same 'number of points').

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