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The basic unit of time in music, often what you tap your foot to.

The speed at which a piece of music is played or sung, typically expressed in beats per minute (BPM).

A recurring pattern of stresses or accents that provide the pulse or beat of music.

The first beat of a measure in music, often emphasized.

The last beat in a measure, a weak beat that leads into the next downbeat.

A type of rhythm that involves placing emphasis on normally unaccented beats or using a set of rhythms that deviate from the regular metrical accent.

A musical notation indicating the number of beats to a measure and the kind of note that takes a beat.

A musical note that typically represents one beat in a 4/4 time signature.

A musical note that is half the duration of a quarter note.

A musical note that is one-fourth the duration of a quarter note.

A musical note with a duration of two beats in 4/4 time, or half the duration of a whole note.

A musical note with a duration of four beats in 4/4 time, the longest standard note in traditional rhythm notations.

A musical note that has a small dot written after it, increasing its duration by half of its original value.

A group of three notes played inside another note-length, normally occupying the duration of two of those notes.

Symbols used to indicate the absence of sound for a specific duration in music notation.

An emphasis or stress placed on a particular note or set of notes within a passage of music.

A curved line connecting two notes of the same pitch, indicating that they should be played as a single note with a duration equal to the sum of the individual notes.

A symbol in Western musical notation indicating that the notes it embraces are to be played without separation.

The volume at which music is played, ranging from very soft to very loud.

A syncopated accentuation on the 'off' beat. In a simple 4/4 rhythm these are beats 2 and 4.

The method of writing down rhythm using various symbols to denote the duration and timing of each note.

A sign (a half-circle with a dot underneath) indicating that a note or rest should be held longer than its notated duration.

A specific kind of polyrhythm in which the contrasting rhythms are not readily divisible by a common denominator.

The simultaneous use of two or more conflicting rhythms that are not readily perceived as deriving from one another, or as simple manifestations of the same meter.

A form of rhythm typically used in jazz, where the notes with equal written time values are played with unequal durations, usually as alternating long and short.

The pickup notes or upbeat at the beginning of a musical phrase, immediately preceding the downbeat.

A segment of time defined by a given number of beats, each of which are assigned a particular note value.

A sustained note or chord that is typically on the beat, with the harmony and melody synchronized above it in a syncopated fashion.

A musical figure in which two groups of three beats are played against a notional background of two beats.