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Advances the story or theme, often with new lyrics each time; flexible melody that fits the rhyme.

Sets the tone and establishes the song’s key and tempo; may introduce motifs or themes.

Follows the chorus, often with a simple, catchy element; can include a key line or riff that is repeated.

A concluding passage of a song, which sometimes contains a final key change or an extended outro.

A form with two verses (A), a contrasting bridge (B), and a return to the original verse (A).

A musical idea, often a catchy melody or phrase that aims to grab the listener's attention.

A short phrase (lyrical or instrumental) repeated at the end of a song to conclude it.

A change in key within a song, often used to increase pressure or energy leading into a new section.

The relationship between voices that are harmonically interdependent yet independent in rhythm and contour.

Reinforces the song's main message or theme; catchy melody designed to be memorable and often repeated without changing words.

A line or group of lines repeated throughout the song; similar to a chorus, but typically shorter.

The most common song structure; alternates between a verse and a chorus, typically beginning with a verse.

A song structure where all verses or stanzas are sung to the same music.

Concludes the song, often by revisiting the intro or the main theme; sometimes fades out.

Strips down the instrumentation to focus on rhythm or a specific instrument; can build intensity or provide dynamics.

Section in a song, typically eight bars long, that provides a contrast to the verse and chorus; similar to a bridge.

Provides contrast from the rest of the song; often introduces new chords or modulations and leads into the final choruses.

A succession of two distinct phrases usually played by different musicians, where the second phrase is heard as a direct commentary on or response to the first.

A section featuring an instrumental or vocal showcase; breaks up repetition and showcases virtuosity.