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The Big Bang is the leading explanation about how the universe began, suggesting it was born from a single point that has been expanding ever since about 13.8 billion years ago.

In the context of the Big Bang Theory, a singularity marks the very beginning of the universe, at which space and time are infinitely dense and curved.

Nucleosynthesis refers to the formation of heavier elements from lighter ones by nuclear fusion, a process that occurred during the first few minutes of the Big Bang, resulting in the first light elements.

In astronomy, redshift happens when the wavelength of light or other radiation from an object is increased as the object moves away. It's one of the key pieces of evidence for the Big Bang Theory showing the universe is expanding.

The cosmic horizon is the maximum distance from which particles could have travelled to the observer in the age of the universe. It represents the boundary between the observable and unobservable regions of the universe.

Dark energy is the name given to the unknown force that is causing the universe's expansion to accelerate. It is an important element of the Big Bang Theory, explaining why the expansion of the universe is not slowing down as previously thought.

Dark matter is a form of matter thought to account for approximately 85% of the matter in the universe. It's essential in cosmological and Big Bang models due to its gravitational effects on visible matter, radiation, and the large-scale structure of the universe.

Baryogenesis is the theoretical physical process that explains the imbalance between matter and antimatter in the observable universe by processes occurring during the early Big Bang phase.

The flatness problem refers to the question of why the universe appears to be so close to flat (Euclidean). It is addressed by the inflation theory, which proposes that a rapid expansion smoothed out any curvature.

The CMB is the thermal radiation left over from the time of recombination in Big Bang cosmology, and is a critical piece of evidence to support the Big Bang Theory.

The horizon problem is the observation that regions of the universe that are separated by vast distances nevertheless have the same temperature and other physical properties. This problem is solved by the theory of cosmic inflation, which proposes a rapid expansion of the universe after the Big Bang.

Recombination is the epoch during which charged electrons and protons first combined to form neutral hydrogen atoms, leading to the release of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation.

Inflation is a theory suggesting that in the very early universe, there was an extremely rapid and exponential expansion, which resolved several problems in the Big Bang cosmology such as the horizon and flatness problems.

Hubble's Law is the observation in physical cosmology that galaxies are moving away from Earth at speeds proportional to their distance, which supports the theory of a uniformly expanding universe.