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Important Numbers in Astronomy
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Gravitational Constant
6.674 × 10^-11 N · m^2/kg^2, it is a key quantity in Newton's law of universal gravitation.
Parsec
Approximately 3.085677581 × 10^16 meters, it is the distance at which one astronomical unit subtends an angle of one arcsecond.
Stefan-Boltzmann Constant
5.670374419 × 10^-8 W/m^2·K^4, signifies the total intensity radiated by a black body across all wavelengths.
Rydberg Constant
1.0973731568508 × 10^7 m^-1, important in atomic physics, used to describe the wavelengths of spectral lines.
Avogadro's Number
6.02214076 × 10^23 and represents the number of atoms, ions, or molecules in one mole of any substance.
Astronomical Unit
149,597,870.7 km, it is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun.
Hubble's Constant
Currently estimated to be about 70 km/s/Mpc, it represents the rate of expansion of the universe.
Speed of Light
299,792,458 m/s and signifies the maximum speed at which all conventional matter and information can travel.
Planck Constant
6.62607015 × 10^-34 J·s, important for quantum mechanics, relates energy of photon to its frequency.
Chandrasekhar Limit
Approximately 1.4 solar masses, it is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star.
Solar Luminosity
Approximately 3.828 × 10^26 watts, it is the measure of the energy output of the Sun per second.
Boltzmann Constant
1.380649 × 10^-23 J/K, it relates the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas with the temperature of the gas.
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