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Important Numbers in Astronomy

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Avogadro's Number

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6.02214076 × 10^23 and represents the number of atoms, ions, or molecules in one mole of any substance.

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Hubble's Constant

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Currently estimated to be about 70 km/s/Mpc, it represents the rate of expansion of the universe.

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Parsec

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Approximately 3.085677581 × 10^16 meters, it is the distance at which one astronomical unit subtends an angle of one arcsecond.

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Speed of Light

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299,792,458 m/s and signifies the maximum speed at which all conventional matter and information can travel.

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Planck Constant

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6.62607015 × 10^-34 J·s, important for quantum mechanics, relates energy of photon to its frequency.

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Boltzmann Constant

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1.380649 × 10^-23 J/K, it relates the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas with the temperature of the gas.

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Chandrasekhar Limit

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Approximately 1.4 solar masses, it is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star.

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Gravitational Constant

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6.674 × 10^-11 N · m^2/kg^2, it is a key quantity in Newton's law of universal gravitation.

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Stefan-Boltzmann Constant

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5.670374419 × 10^-8 W/m^2·K^4, signifies the total intensity radiated by a black body across all wavelengths.

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Solar Luminosity

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Approximately 3.828 × 10^26 watts, it is the measure of the energy output of the Sun per second.

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Astronomical Unit

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149,597,870.7 km, it is the average distance from the Earth to the Sun.

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Rydberg Constant

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1.0973731568508 × 10^7 m^-1, important in atomic physics, used to describe the wavelengths of spectral lines.

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