Discover published sets by community

Auroras are natural light displays in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in high-latitude regions. They result from the collision of energetic charged particles with atoms in the high altitude atmosphere and are an indicator of geomagnetic activity.

SPEs are bursts of high-energy particles from the Sun, which can pose radiation hazards to satellites, avionics, and astronauts. They can also affect the Earth's ionosphere, potentially disrupting radio communications.

Galactic cosmic rays are high-energy radiation that originates outside the solar system. They can affect spacecraft electronics and are a major concern for astronaut safety on long-duration spaceflights.

A solar flare is a sudden flash of increased brightness on the Sun, often associated with solar magnetic activity. They can release large amounts of energy, affect radio communication on Earth, and pose risks to astronauts and satellites.

The Van Allen Belts are two donut-shaped regions of energetic charged particles. Spacecraft passing through these belts can experience increased levels of radiation, potentially damaging instruments and onboard electronics.

CMEs are large expulsions of plasma and magnetic field from the Sun's corona. They can cause geomagnetic storms that have the potential to disrupt power grids, satellite operations, and can increase radiation risks to astronauts.

SEPs are fast-moving ions and electrons that are ejected from the Sun, typically associated with CMEs and solar flares. They can pose radiation hazards to flight crews and passengers in high-altitude polar routes and impact satellite and communication systems.

Radio blackouts are caused by X-ray emissions from the Sun during solar flares. They can last for a few minutes to hours, disrupting high frequency radio communication on the sunlit side of Earth.

Disturbances in the Earth's ionosphere due to solar activity can affect GPS signals and radio communications. Variations in ionospheric density can lead to inaccuracies in GPS location information.

Geomagnetic storms are temporary disturbances of Earth's magnetosphere caused by solar wind shocks. They can disrupt satellite communications, navigation systems, and even cause power outages.

These are dynamic events that cause a reconfiguration of the Earth's magnetosphere. Substorms can result in increased auroral activity and also have the potential to disrupt communication and GPS satellites.