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The flat, circular region of the galaxy that contains the majority of its stars, gas, and dust, including our Solar System, and is where most new star formation takes place.

Tightly bound groups of tens of thousands to millions of old stars, which orbit the galactic center and can be found in the halo of the Milky Way.

Regions of higher density within the disk of the galaxy that wind outward from the center, often associated with star formation due to the higher concentration of gas and dust.

An invisible halo of dark matter that is inferred to exist from gravitational effects on visible matter, radiation, and the large-scale structure of the galaxy.

The dense, spheroidal region of the Milky Way comprising mostly older stars at the center of the galaxy, surrounding the supermassive black hole Sagittarius A*.

The matter that exists in the space between the stars within the galaxy, comprising gas (both atomic and molecular), dust, and cosmic rays, which play a crucial role in the lifecycle of stars.