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Space Missions to Mars
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Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN)
Year of Launch: 2013, Mission Goals: Study the Martian upper atmosphere, its interaction with the solar wind, and the history of atmospheric loss
Mars Pathfinder
Year of Launch: 1996, Mission Goals: Demonstrate a low-cost method for delivering a set of science instruments to the Red Planet, test novel approaches to entry, descent, and landing
Mars Express
Year of Launch: 2003, Mission Goals: Search for water and life, study the planet's atmosphere and surface, serve as a communications relay
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO)
Year of Launch: 2005, Mission Goals: Study Mars' atmosphere and terrain from orbit, search for evidence of water, serve as a key communications relay
Perseverance Rover (Mars 2020)
Year of Launch: 2020, Mission Goals: Seek signs of ancient life, collect rock and soil samples for possible return to Earth, test oxygen production
Tianwen-1
Year of Launch: 2020, Mission Goals: Map the Martian surface, study the soil characteristics and water-ice distribution, explore the Martian atmosphere
Curiosity Rover (Mars Science Laboratory)
Year of Launch: 2011, Mission Goals: Determine Mars' habitability, study its climate and geology, collect data for human missions
Viking 1
Year of Launch: 1975, Mission Goals: Conduct experiments to search for life, characterize Martian meteorology, and collect imagery
ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
Year of Launch: 2016, Mission Goals: Detect and measure Martian atmospheric gases, particularly methane, to analyze their possible biological or geological origins
InSight Lander
Year of Launch: 2018, Mission Goals: Study the Martian interior to understand geological activity, measure heat flow, and detect seismic activity
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