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Media Bias Types

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Mainstream Bias

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A trend where the media favors mainstream ideas. Examples: Marginalizing of radical or non-mainstream views. Effects: Limits the diversity of viewpoints and discussions.

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Sensationalism

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Use of shocking headlines or stories to increase viewership. Examples: Clickbait headlines, over-dramatizing events. Effects: Misinforms and emotionally manipulates the audience.

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Liberal Bias

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A tendency to report in ways that favor liberal policies or themes. Examples: Promoting progressive social policies. Effects: Viewers get a one-sided perspective.

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Conservative Bias

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A slant towards conservative, traditional views in reporting. Examples: Emphasizing free-market solutions. Effects: Can lead to a one-sided portrayal of news favoring conservative ideologies.

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Narrative Bias

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The preference for stories that fit into a familiar narrative or stereotype. Examples: Perpetuating national stereotypes. Effects: Entrenches stereotypes and overlooks nuanced perspectives.

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Advertising Bias

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Content is skewed to please advertisers. Examples: Not reporting negative information about advertisers' products. Effects: Reduces the objectivity and completeness of information.

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Time Bias

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Preference for stories that are immediate and timely over long-term analysis. Examples: Focusing on breaking news rather than in-depth reports. Effects: Audience gets a skewed picture of the world focusing on the transient over the enduring.

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Source Bias

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Relying on biased sources or spokespeople for information. Examples: Relying primarily on government sources. Effects: Narratives can become skewed to the sources' bias.

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Gatekeeping Bias

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When editors or networks only select certain stories to report. Examples: Ignoring certain political events. Effects: Limits the information available to the public, shaping their worldview.

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False Balance

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Presenting two sides of an issue as if equally balanced when they are not. Examples: Equating scientific consensus with fringe theories. Effects: Misleads the public on the weight of evidence.

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Confirmation Bias

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Occurs when reporters pick stories or facts that only support their own beliefs. Examples: Selective reporting on political issues. Effects: Reinforces readers' preconceptions.

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Corporate Bias

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Media decisions are influenced by corporate owners. Examples: Underreporting on negative stories about sponsor companies. Effects: Misleads viewers on the integrity of information.

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Statistical Bias

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Misrepresenting or manipulating statistical data. Examples: Cherry-picking data to suit an argument. Effects: Misleads the audience about the reality of situations or issues.

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Coverage Bias

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Happens when some individuals or stories get more coverage than others. Examples: Overemphasizing celebrity news. Effects: Skews public perception of what's important.

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Visual Bias

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Bias arising from images used to portray stories. Examples: Selecting unflattering images for certain individuals. Effects: Can lead to public misperceptions and character judgments.

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